Semi-automatic Construction Hazard Identification Method Using 4D BIM

The construction industry accounts for a considerable portion of work-related accidents annually. Taking appropriate pre-construction measures can significantly lessen the probability of these accidents occurring. An essential step toward achieving this goal is identifying the unsafe attributes before construction begins. This research introduces a semi-automatic method for identifying and reporting construction hazards in the early phases of the project. The presented method benefits from Building Information Modeling (BIM) object-oriented and visualization capabilities combined with the project schedule (4D BIM). An excavation and stabilization operation of an actual residential building project case is used to demonstrate the method's applicability. A hazard database is created and linked to the 4D BIM model of the project to identify the hazardous attributes causing struck-by accidents. According to feedback collected from the project team and safety experts, reduction of hazard identification time and increased accuracy were considered the two most significant benefits of this method.