Modeling Measurements and Measuring Models – Problems and Solutions of 3-D Geometrical Control in Concrete Bridge Engineering

The paper introduces a model and procedure of 3-D geometric process for concrete bridge engineering. New 3-D CAD design tools and 3-D measurement methods were developed and tested in the several real bridge construction projects in Finland during 2001-2004. The paper describes these observations and suggests the first conclusions for future developments as well as more expansive utilization especially in bridge construction in Finland.