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2020 Proceedings of the 37th ISARC, Kitakyushu, Japan

Front matter and table of contents

Kazuyoshi Tateyama, Kazuo Ishii, Fumihiro Inoue

Abstract:

Keywords: No keywords

Improving Construction Demonstrations by Integrating BIM, UAV, and VR

Kun-Chi Wang, Ren-Jie Gao, Sheng-Han Tung and Yuan-Hsiu Chou
Pages 1-7

Abstract: In recent years, building information modeling (BIM) has been widely used to create animated simulations for engineering demonstrations. On-site engineers often employ animations generated using a BIM system to explain the current project status to their managers, so that the managers can grasp the actual project status. However, the fidelity ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle; Virtual Reality; Construction Demonstrations

Using Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality for Presale House Customer Change

Ben Amed Ouedraogo, Li-Chuan Lien, Unurjargal Dolgorsuren and Yan Ni Liu
Pages 8-15

Abstract: Using Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, a unique virtual model of a project can be created, which will allow all parties involved in the design process of project members (owners, architects, engineers, contractors, sub-contractors and suppliers) to collaborate more precisely and more effectively than using traditional processes. The collaboration of ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality (AR); Virtual Reality (VR); Presale House; Building Information Modeling (BIM); Event-driven Process Chain (EPC) concept

Virtual Prototyping-Based Path Planning of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Building Exterior Inspection

Zhenjie Zheng, Mi Pan and Wei Pan
Pages 16-23

Abstract: Proper building maintenance is critical to ensuring the well-being of citizens and sustainable development of the urban environment. For high-rise high-density cities, one challenge to building maintenance concerns the inspection of building exteriors, which has been mostly done manually but is of highly risky, labor-intensive, and error-prone. Unmanned aerial vehicles ...

Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs); Path planning; Building exterior inspection; Virtual prototyping; Human in the loop

Near Real-Time Monitoring of Construction Progress: Integration of Extended Reality and Kinect V2

Ahmed Khairadeen Ali, One Jae Lee and Chansik Park
Pages 24-31

Abstract: Construction progress monitoring and visualization have recently undergone advanced development. However, the data exchange process between construction offices and jobsites still lacks automation and real-time data records. Furthermore, an information gap between construction offices and jobsite activity persists, and progress inspectors still need to visit jobsites to check progress and ...

Keywords: Kinect Camera; Augmented Reality; Virtual Reality; Building Information Modeling; Progress Monitoring

VRGlare: A Virtual Reality Lighting Performance Simulator for real-time Three-Dimensional Glare Simulation and Analysis

Kieran May, James Walsh, Ross Smith, Ning Gu and Bruce Thomas
Pages 32-39

Abstract: Lighting performance simulators play an important role in the architectural design process, as it provides the means to address lighting design issues early within the design stage of a construction project life-cycle. Currently, several lighting performance simulators provide support for glare simulation and analysis; however, they are primarily limited to ...

Keywords: Virtual Reality; Lighting Performance Simulation; Immersive Glare Visualisation; Glare Analysis; Building Information Modelling

Development of an Augmented Reality Fitness Index for Contractors

Hala Nassereddine, Wafik Lotfallah, Awad Hanna and Dharmaraj Veeramani
Pages 40-47

Abstract: Construction, one of the most informationintensive industries, plays a vital role in the prosperity of nations and is expected to grow to new heights. This significant expansion, along with the increased complexity and sophistication of construction projects and rapid advances in emerging technologies, has fueled construction companies' interest in innovation ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Fitness Index; Contractors; Mathematical Model

A Method to Produce & Visualize Interactive Work Instructions for Modular Products within Onsite Construction

Raafat Hussamadin, Jani Mukkavaara and Gustav Jansson
Pages 48-55

Abstract: Well detailed, informative and accurate work instructions are a necessity to mitigate delays in construction. Today, this is done through a combination of shop drawings, documents, sheets, work pre-planning meetings and onsite verbal work instructions to transfer knowledge and information between all actors. Due to the subjectivity of these methods, ...

Keywords: Virtual Reality; Standard Operation Procedure; Work Instruction; Process Visualization; Interactive; Modular

A Framework for Augmented Reality Assisted Structural Embedment Inspection

Jeffrey Kim and Darren Olsen
Pages 56-62

Abstract: Embedments (embeds) placed in concrete or masonry structures are used extensively in construction to connect the final product of one trade-contractor's work to another and are therefore, a critical coordination facet for most construction projects. A failure in this coordination usually leads to lost productivity. Therefore, the need to productively ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Productivity; Construction Inspections; Embeds

Towards Circular Economy in Architecture by Means of Data-driven Design-to- Robotic-Production

Ginevra Nazzari and Henriette Bier
Pages 63-66

Abstract: While the global impact of plastic waste is increasingly concerning, the application of reused materials in the built environment remains little explored. This paper presents research into the reuse of plastic in architecture by means of computational design and robotic fabrication. Design possibilities using reclaimed plastic artefacts were explored by ...

Keywords: Robotic fabrication; Circular economy; Reuse; Plastic; Pavilion; Computational design; Waste control; Human-Robot Collaboration

Automated Pavement Marking Defects Detection

Andrea Leal Ruiz and Hani Alzraiee
Pages 67-73

Abstract: In 2018, the United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration reported that Americans traverse over 1,000 miles a month on average. Maintenance of pavement marking conditions is crucial to creating a safe driving environment. Traditionally, pavement markings are assessed periodically through manual road inspectors. This method is time consuming ...

Keywords: Automation; Construction; Data Acquisition; Transportation

An Assistive Interface of a Teleoperation System of an Excavator by Overlapping the Predicted Position of the Arm

Yuzuki Okawa, Masaru Ito, Ryota Sekizuka, Seiji Saiki, Yoichiro Yamazaki and Yuichi Kurita
Pages 74-78

Abstract: A teleoperated hydraulic excavator is introduced to per- form safe and quick restoration work in sites affected by disasters. However, the current efficiency of this system is approximately 40?60%, compared to boarding an actual hy- draulic excavator, because of the communication delay. To reduce this delay, we developed a ...

Keywords: Teleoperated hydraulic excavator; Swinging motion; Interface; Communication delay

Development of Rotary Snow Blower Vehicle Driving Support System using Quasi-Zenith Satellite on the Expressway in Japan

Katsuyoshi Abe, Atsushi Ichikawa, Toshiaki Itou and Keigo Kurihara
Pages 79-83

Abstract: The rotary snow blower vehicle operated for removing accumulated snow on road shoulders must be performed even in the conditions of a poor visibility due to a snowstorm or road markings completely covered by snow. The operators of the vehicle have to pay full attention to avoid contacting road structures ...

Keywords: Quasi-zenith satellite based driving support system; Snow and ice countermeasure

A Systematic Review of the Geographic and Chronological Distributions of 3D Concrete Printers from 1997 to 2020

Jihoon Chung, Ghang Lee and Jung-Hoon Kim
Pages 84-89

Abstract: Although several previous studies have reviewed 3DCPs, they have been based on few cases and do not include the latest 3DCPs. This study analyzed 139 academic papers and 98 types of three-dimensional concrete printers (3DCPs) developed from 1997 to 2020 through a systematic literature review. A chronological distribution analysis showed ...

Keywords: Concrete, 3D Printing; Additive Manufacturing; Technical Specification

Towards High-Quality Road Construction: Using Autonomous Tandem Rollers for Asphalt Compaction Optimization

Jörg Husemann, Patrick Wolf, Axel Vierling, Karsten Berns and Peter Decker
Pages 90-97

Abstract: Autonomous road construction offers the possibility to improve the demanding and error-prone process of road compaction. Compaction results and surface coverage are optimized through the coordination of automated tandem rollers. This paper evaluates the impact of different road compaction strategies, ambient influences, and coordination errors on the resulting road. Thereby, ...

Keywords: Off-road robotics; Behavior-based control; Automated road construction

Ontology-Based Decoding of Risks Encoded in the Prescriptive Requirements in Bridge Design Codes

Fahad Ul Hassan and Tuyen Le
Pages 98-104

Abstract: Bridge designs are typically governed by a voluminous set of requirements in various design standards and codes. The requirements are aimed at ensuring the structural safety against different environmental risks experienced by a bridge facility during its service life. The requirements provided in the bridge design standards are generally prescriptive ...

Keywords: Bridge design; Prescriptive requirements; Design standards; Environmental risks; Natural language processing; Deep learning

Current Status of Unmanned Construction Technology Developed using a Test Field System

Koji Ihara and Takeshi Tamura
Pages 105-110

Abstract: Unmanned construction work is civil engineering work carried out by remotely operating construction machinery located in a caution zone (a zone whose entry is prohibited or restricted), thus enabling the operator to perform remote work from inside the safe area without any need to enter the caution zone. This technology ...

Keywords: Unmannd Contruction; Remote control; Operation guidance; Wireless communication; Safety monitoring

Remote Control Demonstration of the Construction Machine Using 5G Mobile Communication System at Tunnel Construction Site

Ken Takai, Hiroaki Aoki, Yusuke Tajima and Michinobu Yoshida
Pages 111-117

Abstract: Since March 2020, 5G has been commercialized mainly in urban areas in Japan, and 5G communication infrastructure demonstration tests are actively conducted among various industries such as telecommunications carriers and construction industries. The authors installed a portable 5G base station close to tunnel portal in "Subcontracting for research and study of ...

Keywords: fifth-generation mobile communication system(5G); construction machinery; remote control

Sea Experiment on Tele-operation System of Underwater Excavator

Tsukasa Kita, Taketsugu Hirabayashi, Atsushi Ueyama, Hiroshi Kinjo, Naoki Oshiro and Nobuyuki Kinjo
Pages 118-125

Abstract: We have developed a remote operation support system for underwater excavators and conducted Sea experiments. Underwater excavators have been operated by divers boarding on them. Their main task is levelling rubble mounds of port structures in Okinawa?Japan. However, in recent years, remote control is required due to the decrease in ...

Keywords: Tele-Operation; Underwater Construction; Port Construction

Automation and Operation Record of Large Overhead Crane for Segment Transportation

Yasushi Nishizaki, Koki Takahashi, and Takashi Fukui
Pages 126-133

Abstract: The wall of the shield tunnel body is made by assembling panels called segments into a ring shape. For the segment transportation in this site, quick, accurate and safe operation is required in each device mainly using a crane. However, in recent years, it is difficult to secure human resources ...

Keywords: large overhead crane (load limit:40t); Autonomous conveying technology; underground expressway construction site

Development of an Automated Angle Control System to Improve Safety and Productivity

Tsuyoshi Fukuda, Takumi Arai, Kousuke Kakimi and Keishi Matsumoto
Pages 134-138

Abstract: Currently, the high demands and needs to improve productivity and labor-saving in construction industries leads to many automation and mechanization. This report aims to address the shortage of skilled worker in the future as well as improvement of safety, productivity and quality. Comprehensive collection and utilization of information were carried ...

Keywords: automated angle control system; overbreak; drilling energy; safety; productivity

Automated Detection for Road Marking Quality, using Visual Based Machine Learning

Firas Habbal, Fawaz Habbal, Abdualla Alnuaimi, Shafia Alkheyaili and Ammar Safi
Pages 139-146

Abstract: Most of the cities road marking inspection is performed manually and considered an ideal candidate for automation because it is a labourintensive process. We propose a solution based on automated quality assessment tool for road marking to detect and qualify road marking characteristics. Our data inventory and data collection approach ...

Keywords: Road Marking; Road Detection; Automated Roads Evaluator; Focal Point Detection

A Construction Progress On-site Monitoring and Presentation System Based on The Integration of Augmented Reality and BIM

Sheng-Kai Wang and Hung-Ming Chen
Pages 147-154

Abstract: An on-site construction progress monitoring and presentation system is herein developed that overlays the virtual building information model (BIM) onto the real-time scene of the construction site using augmented reality (AR). The system utilizes the novel AR technology of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), which is a real-time positioning technology ...

Keywords: Augmented reality; Simultaneous localization and mapping; BIM; Construction progress management

Rule-Based Generation of Assembly Sequences for Simulation in Large-Scale Plant Construction

Jan Weber, Jana Stolipin, Ulrich Jessen, Markus König and Sigrid Wenzel
Pages 155-162

Abstract: The efficient construction of large industrial plants (e.g. concrete plants, chemical plants) in high quality requires precise planning and execution of the individual logistics and assembly steps. For this purpose, detailed step-by-step instructions should be prepared that can be clearly interpreted and thus implemented by the staff on site carrying ...

Keywords: Logistics Scheduling; 4D BIM; Plant Construction; Assembly Sequencing; Simulation

An analysis of 4D-BIM Construction Planning: Advantages, Risks and Challenges

Pedram Farnood Ahmadi and Mehrdad Arashpour
Pages 163-170

Abstract: The rapid growth on the field of project management and building information modelling (BIM) has led not only to the enhancement of architectural/structural design, construction methodology and operation of facilities but also to the generating of the new and exciting applications such as 4D simulations, project scheduling and controlling. 4D ...

Keywords: Building information modelling (BIM); 4D simulation; Project scheduling; Construction projects

Ontology-based Product Configuration for Modular Buildings

Jianpeng Cao and Daniel Hall
Pages 171-176

Abstract: To support mass customization for industrialized construction, researchers and industry have adopted product configuration strategies. Based on the theory of modularization, pre-defined module libraries can be configured into feasible construction projects. However, the digital representation of configuration knowledge is understudied. Current Building Information Modeling (BIM) product modeling does not enable ...

Keywords: Product configuration; Ontology; BIM, Modular buildings

On construction-specific Product Structure Design and Development: the BIM Enhancement Approach

Solmaz Mansoori, Harri Haapasalo and Janne Härkönen
Pages 177-184

Abstract: The construction industry suffers from low productivity, and the Building Information Modelling (BIM) has not been successful in enhancing the productivity and the flow of information throughout highly fragmented construction projects. Hence, this study aims to facilitate consistency in information and addresses the current gaps in BIM by applying the ...

Keywords: Productization; Product structure; Information Management; BIM; Construction

Parametric Structural Design for automated Multi-Objective Optimization of Flexible Industrial Buildings

Julia Reisinger, Maximilian Knoll and Iva Kovacic
Pages 185-192

Abstract: Individual customer needs and accelerating technological advances in Industry 4.0 are leading to rapid manufacturing changes, thus industrial buildings need to accommodate constantly evolving production processes. The load-bearing structure acts as crucial limiting factor regarding the building's flexibility. As structural performance is highly linked to other design-disciplines, there is a ...

Keywords: Industrial building design; parametric modeling; performance-based structural design; multi-criteria decision analysis; early design stage; decision support

Inspection of Discrepancies in Construction Temporary Safety Structures through Augmented Reality

Hashim Raza Bokhari, Doyeop Lee, Numan Khan and Chansik Park
Pages 193-198

Abstract: Construction safety has been a major area for research for an extensive time as the number of accidents, injuries and deaths has not significantly declined, despite strong implementation of safety laws and major efforts of the construction safety professionals. According to the Ministry of Employment and Labor, Korea (MOEL) [1] ...

Keywords: Instructions, Construction Safety; Inspection; Augmented Reality; Feature-Based Image Matching; Structure from Motion

Status of 4D BIM Implementation in Indian Construction

V. Paul C. Charlesraj and Talapaneni Dinesh
Pages 199-206

Abstract: Enhanced visualisation is one of the low hanging fruits of BIM implementation. It helps in improving clarity in communications and fosters collaboration & coordination of construction projects for efficient delivery. 4D BIM combines the proposed sequence of work in a project with the 3D parametric digital model of the facility ...

Keywords: 4D BIM; Application & benefits; Barriers & challenges; Indian construction

An Information Quality Assessment Framework for Developing Building Information Models

Liji Chen and Justin K. W. Yeoh
Pages 207-214

Abstract: Information Quality Assessment (IQA) is an important, but often overlooked aspect, of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) process. Models with information quality issues, such as incomplete and incorrect information, may cause rework during the design process if detected early. Otherwise errors may propagate downstream, leading to significant cost consequences to ...

Keywords: Information Quality Assessment; Features of Quality Issues; Building Information Modeling

BIM Based Information Delivery Controlling System

Brian Klusmann, Zhiwei Meng, Noemi Kremer, Anica Meins-Becker and Manfred Helmus
Pages 215-222

Abstract: The definition of how agreed information deliveries in building projects are achieved and implemented for different objectives and use cases is always a major topic in project management. This procedure is normally specified in accordance with international standards. However, the absence of checklists, guidelines and recommendations for action leads to ...

Keywords: Database of Process Modeling; Exchange Requirements; Information Delivery Manual; Model View Definition; Semi-automatic Checking

Development of an Open-source Scan+BIM Platform

Enrique Valero, Dibya D. Mohanty and Frederic Bosche
Pages 223-232

Abstract: In the last decade, a significant amount of research and development has been conducted at the intersection of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and reality capture data processing, mainly in the two areas often referred to as ?Scanto- BIM' and ?Scan-vs-BIM'. Interestingly, it appears that all these advances have been made ...

Keywords: BReality Capture; Point Clouds; Images; BIM; Engine; Platform; open-source

BuiltView: Integrating LiDAR and BIM for Real-Time Quality Control of Construction Projects

Rana Abbas, F. A. Westling, Christian Skinner, Monica Hanus-Smith, Andrew Harris and Nathan Kirchner
Pages 233-239

Abstract: Global spending on rework in the trillion dollar construction industry is estimated at $570bn of direct costs and $440bn of indirect costs. The cost of rework is on the rise, and the main cause is rooted in quality deviations from construction design. Real-time or even near real-time remote progress monitoring ...

Keywords: LiDAR, BIM, point cloud; progressive assurance; QA/QC; rework; as-built models; project management

Single Shared Model Approach for Building Information Modelling

Simo Ruokamo and Heikkilä Rauno
Pages 240-247

Abstract: The current practice for information sharing with building information modelling (BIM) is a distributed data sharing based on conversions. Conversions are problematic due to data loss, redundancy, and conflicting information. A single data schema used by all applications is a requisite for a conversion-free data collaboration. In the study, a ...

Keywords: Building Information Modelling; Data Conversion; Cloud Services

Parametric or Non-parametric? Understanding the Inherent Trade-offs between Forms of Object Representation

Christopher Rausch, Yinghui Zhao and Carl Haas
Pages 248-255

Abstract: The need for efficient computing in construction modelling and analysis workflows often requires making tradeoffs between the inherent advantages and disadvantages of different datatypes being generated and managed. This is notably observed in geometry reconstruction (e.g., scan-to-BIM, reverse engineering, etc.), where a tradeoff often occurs between computational efficiency and the ...

Keywords: Building Information Modelling; 3D Point Clouds; Data Managements; Geometric Accuracy; Digital Twin; Construction Geometry

Development of a Twin Model for Real-time Detection of Fall Hazards

Leonardo Messi, Alessandra Corneli, Massimo Vaccarini and Alessandro Carbonari
Pages 256-263

Abstract: The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is still one of the most hazardous industries in the world. Researchers impute this trend to many factors such as the separation between the phases of safety planning and project execution, implicit safety issues and, most of all, the dynamic and complex nature ...

Keywords: Digital Twin; Building Information Modelling; Real-Time Health and Safety Management; Complex Systems

Automatized Parametric Modeling to Enhance a data-based Maintenance Process for Infrastructure Buildings

Robert Hartung, Robin Schönbach, Dominic Liepe and Katharina Klemt-Albert
Pages 264-271

Abstract: New innovative and digital approaches, in particular digital methods like Building Information Modeling (BIM), are being used more and more in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Sector. However, most of building operation and maintenance processes still follow conventional processes and are hardly supported by digital databases. Within the widespread ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling; Structural Health Monitoring; shBIM; Digital Maintenance

Gamification and BIM Teaching the BIM Method through a Gamified, Collaborative Approach

Carla Pütz, Christian Heins, Manfred Helmus and Anica Meins-Becker
Pages 272-277

Abstract: Due to the continuous improvement in data acquisition, storage and evaluation, digital technologies are penetrating ever deeper into the operational business of the construction industry. Modern information and communication systems are at the heart of digital working methods. They encompass the factors - People, Processes and Data -, which are ...

Keywords: collaborative learning platform; learning management system; gamification; BIM Game; game design elements; Building Information Modeling

Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Twin Applications in Modular Integrated Construction

Mingcheng Xie and Wei Pan
Pages 278-284

Abstract: Digital twin (DT) is commonly known as a virtual model of a physical object, a process or a system. In order to create DT, the emphasis is on building a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), where information collected from physical processes is used for computation to generate a real-time monitoring cyber model. ...

Keywords: Digital Twin (DT); Cyber-Physical System (CPS); Modular Integrated Construction (MiC); Smart Construction

Integrating Industry 4.0 Associated Technologies into Automated and Traditional Construction

Fabiano Correa
Pages 285-292

Abstract: Nowadays, it is ever more common to find mentions in the scientific literature to a "Construction 4.0". Considering, for instance, Offsite Construction, it is clearer how such concept could be realized. Current widespread adoption of BIM helps but is not enough to realize that end, because it is, in general, ...

Keywords: Digital Twin; Building Information Modeling; Construction 4.0; Cyber-Physical Systems

System Development of an Augmented Reality On-site BIM Viewer Based on the Integration of SLAM and BLE Indoor Positioning

Yu-Cheng Liu, Jhih-Rong Chen and Hung-Ming Chen
Pages 293-300

Abstract: Traditionally, when an engineer wants to use Building Information Model (BIM) on-site to support tasks for construction or maintenance, the common approach is to use a tablet or a notebook to run a BIM viewer, thus requiring manual operation for model manipulation. In addition, the BIM presented through the screen ...

Keywords: Building Information Model; Augmented Reality; Simultaneous localization and mapping; BLE indoor positioning

Review of Construction Workspace Definition and Case Studies

Kuan-Fan Lai and Ying-Chieh Chan
Pages 301-306

Abstract: Workspaces in a construction project are considered as critical and limited resources. Since the workspace conflicts cause productivity loss and poor quality, construction researchers have been exploring different workspace definitions and solutions to improve the situations. Construction workspace' function can be classified according to the user's needs and characteristics of ...

Keywords: Workspace Conflict; Workspace Classification; Conflict Solution; 4D BIM; Conflict Severity

A Web-Based Approach to Dynamically Assessing Space Conflicts by Integrating BIM and Graph Database

Wei-Ting Chien and Shang-Hsien Hsieh
Pages 307-312

Abstract: Construction activities require materials or resources to be arranged while planning the route of how these materials or resources can be transported is not a simple process. Traditionally, subcontractors will arrange a daily meeting and negotiate the desired space on site for the next day's resource transporting. However, many of ...

Keywords: Building Information Modelling; Construction Conflicts; Construction Management; Separating Axis Theorem; Graph Database

Deployment of a Standardized BIM Modeling Guideline for the Planning and Construction Industry

Gamze Hort, Daiki John Feller, Anica Meins-Becker and Manfred Helmus
Pages 313-317

Abstract: The BIM method is perceived as a synonym for the digitalization of the construction industry. The application of this method enables most of all, the consistent and uniform information management and therefore affords a more efficient communication and collaboration environment to all participants in the life cycle of the respective ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling; Modeling Guideline; Standardization; BIM Model; Level of Geometry; Level of Information

Design for Digital Fabrication: an Industry needs Analysis of Collaboration Platforms and Integrated Management Processes

Ming Shan Ng, Marcella M. Bonanomi, Daniel M. Hall and Jürgen Hackl
Pages 318-325

Abstract: Digital Fabrication is an emerging systemic innovation in the architecture, engineering and construction sector. However, the design process for digital fabrication lacks an integrated management process or digital collaboration platform. One reason may be a lack of industry stakeholder needs for such processes and platforms. To explore and facilitate such ...

Keywords: BIM; platforms; digital fabrication; design process; project management; survey

A BIM-Based Approach for Optimizing HVAC Design and Air Distribution System Layouts in Panelized Houses

Pouya Baradaran-Noveiri, Mohammed Zaheeruddin and Sang Hyeok Han
Pages 326-333

Abstract: In a centralized air distribution system, the designed ductwork layout impacts the system performance and the construction time and cost. Engineers face various challenges, including spatial limitations, leading them to use assumption-based design methods to balance their design with construction requirements. As a result of this shortcoming, insufficient design details ...

Keywords: HVAC; Air Distribution System Layout; BIM; MEP Coordination; Constructability Analysis; off-site Construction; Optimization; Genetic Algorithm

Synthetic Data Generation for Indoor Scene Understanding Using BIM

Yeji Hong, Somin Park and Hyoungkwan Kim
Pages 334-338

Abstract: Visual facility inspections performed manually are tasks that can be automated. Segmentation of facility image data is one of the automated methods of identifying problems in facilities. However, the machine learning methodology that is mainly used to train the segmentation model requires a large amount of training dataset. Preparing training ...

Keywords: BIM; Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN); Facility Management; Scene Understanding; Synthetic Data

Cyber-physical System for Diagnosing and Predicting Technical Condition of Servo-drives of Mechatronic Sliding Complex during Construction of High-rise Monolithic Buildings

Alexey Bulgakov, Thomas Bock and Tatiana Kruglova
Pages 339-346

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of improving the reliability and efficiency of the operation of mech-atronic sliding complexes. To solve this problem, a cyber-physical system is proposed that implements the diagnosis and prediction of the technical condition of servo drives. Methods for calculating the current and additional loads ...

Keywords: slip form; servo drive; approximate envelope straight line; Morlet wavelet; fuzzy logic; neural network

Proposal for Automation System Diagram and Automation Levels for Earthmoving Machinery

Takeshi Hashimoto, Mitsuru Yamada, Genki Yamauchi, Yasushi Nitta and Shinichi Yuta
Pages 347-352

Abstract: In Japan, earthmoving workers are aging rapidly, and more than one million skilled workers will retire at once in the near future. Thus, the mass retirement of these skilled technicians could bring a significant drop in production capabilities throughout the earthmoving industry. To solve this problem, it is expected that ...

Keywords: Earthmoving machine; Automation; system diagram; level

Applications of LiDAR for Productivity Improvement on Construction Projects: Case Studies from Active Sites

Fredrik Westling, Rana Abbas, Christian Skinner, Monica Hanus-Smith, Andrew Harris and Nathan Kirchner
Pages 353-361

Abstract: The McKinsey Global Institute's digitisation index ranks construction amongst the least digitised sectors globally. This translates to a relatively slow rate of labour-productivity growth which, according to McKinsey, costs the global economy US$1.6 trillion per year. One area ripe for improvement is validation of final components on construction sites. This ...

Keywords: LiDAR; Construction; Productivity; Case studies

Design and Construction of Shell-shaped Bench using a 3D Printer for Construction

Hajime Sakagami, Haruna Okawa, Masaya Nakamura, Takuya Anabuki, Yoshikazu Ishizeki and Tomoya Kaneko
Pages 362-368

Abstract: One of the problems in the practical use of 3D printers using cement-based materials is how to withstand the tensile force. In general, cement-based materials can withstand compressive forces. Therefore, reinforced concrete structures are applied as composite structures with steel materials such as reinforcing bars that can withstand tensile force. ...

Keywords: 3D Printer; Automation; Laborsaving

Requirements for Safe Operation and Facility Maintenance of Construction Robots

Alexey Bulgakov, Thomas Bock, Jens Otto, Natalia Buzalo and Thomas Linner
Pages 369-376

Abstract: Construction robots are devices of increased danger and, under certain conditions, can become a source of injuries to maintenance personnel, as well as lead to the failure of technological equipment. Most of the accidents are associated with the presence of maintenance personnel in the working area during programming, configuration, training, ...

Keywords: Construction Manipulators and Robots; Maintenance of Robotic Systems; Operation; Service; Safety

Safety Concept and Architecture for Autonomous Haulage System in Mining

Hidefumi Ishimoto and Tomoyuki Hamada
Pages 377-384

Abstract: In recent years, automation of mining equipment has been required to improve productivity, predictability, and safety of mining operations. Some major mining companies have begun efforts to automate dump trucks that transport overburden and minerals, eliminating the need for human operators, aiming for reducing labor costs, increasing operating hours, and ...

Keywords: Autonomous haulage; Dump truck; Unmanned Control; Safety; Mining

On-site Autonomous Construction Robots: A review of Research Areas, Technologies, and Suggestions for Advancement

Xinghui Xu and Borja Garcia de Soto
Pages 385-392

Abstract: The use of robotic systems on construction sites can efficiently reduce construction time and increase safety by replacing construction workers in monotonous or dangerous operations. Robots for on-site construction applications are challenging and difficult to implement because of the evolving and unstructured nature of construction sites, the inherent complexity of ...

Keywords: Automation; Construction robots; Computer vision; Reinforcement learning

Curtain Wall Installation for High-Rise Buildings: Critical Review of Current Automation Solutions and Opportunities

Brandon Johns, Mehrdad Arashpour and Elahe Abdi
Pages 393-400

Abstract: In the construction of high-rise buildings, the conventional methods for the on-site installation of prefabricated facade modules require considerable manual handling. This unsafe and inefficient practice can be solved through automation. This paper critically reviews automated Unitized Curtain Wall (UCW) installation and discusses opportunities for future development, as found in adjacent ...

Keywords: Assembly; Automation; Construction; Control systems; Curtain wall; Façade; High-rise building; Installation; Robotics; Tower crane

Rationalization of Free-form Surface Construction Method using Wooden Formwork

Sei Hayashi and Tomoyuki Gondo
Pages 401-408

Abstract: In Japan's construction industry, techniques of producing complex three-dimensional (3D) formwork at construction sites are conventionally developed using the sophisticated skills of carpenters. Inspie of the development of digital technologies, the production of free-form shapes faces considerable cost and time management risks that require pragmatic solutions. In the efficient building ...

Keywords: free-form structures; 3D CAD; wooden formwork; labor productivity

Comparison of Shortest Path Finding Algorithms for Cable Networks on Industrial Construction Projects

Fatima Alsakka, Salam Khalife, Maram Nomir, Yasser Mohamed and Rick Hermann
Pages 409-416

Abstract: Cable path optimization is a commonly encountered problem in industrial construction projects. Numerous designs are technically feasible but are associated with varying construction costs and effort. Hence, selecting the right network is deemed a critical decision. Multiple shortest path algorithms could be deployed to identify the optimal solution. Although they ...

Keywords: Cable Network; Shortest path algorithms; Optimal path; Nodes; Edges

Constructability: The Prime Target in Value Engineering for Design Optimization

Arun Sekhar and Uma Maheswari
Pages 417-424

Abstract: An ideal Design-Construction Interface is assumed in the decision making process of initiation and planning. The uniqueness, site conditions and contingencies cannot be envisaged and incorporated in its entirety in all projects. Constructability in resonance to the appropriate technology becomes paramount in deciding the material, structural forms and construction methodology. ...

Keywords: Constructability; Design Optimization; Value Engineering; Design-Build; Target Value Design; Manufacturability; Assembly

Blockchain based Framework for Verifying the Adequacy of Scaffolding Installation

Chanwoo Baek, Doyeop Lee and Chansik Park
Pages 425-432

Abstract: Falls are the leading cause of construction site accidents and made up more than 60 percent of all construction-related deaths in 2018, according to the Korea Occupational Health and Safety Administration (KOSHA). Accordingly, the government conducts intensive management and supervision of scaffolding and scaffolding installation at small sites while inducing ...

Keywords: Scaffolding; Blockchain; Framework

Towards a Comprehensive Façade Inspection Process: An NLP based Analysis of Historical Façade Inspection Reports for Knowledge Discovery

Zhuoya Shi, Keundeok Park and Semiha Ergan
Pages 433-440

Abstract: Façade condition assessment for buildings is essential to public safety in cities. Currently, twelve major cities across the U.S. ensure the building façade safety with mandatory façade inspection programs. Even in major cities with the façade inspection programs, there have been seventeen falling debris accidents reported in 2019, three of ...

Keywords: Façade inspection; Report analysis; Natural Language Processing (NLP); Unsupervised learning

Scheduling Simulator by Ensemble Forecasting of Construction Duration

Shigeomi Nishigaki, Katsutoshi Saibara, Takashi Ootsuki and Hirokuni Morikawa
Pages 441-448

Abstract: As is well known, resident engineers on site might plan a heuristically deterministic construction schedule by PERT/CPM program. Since it is boring and time-consuming to gather, edit and input field data into the PERT/CPM program, however, there are very few opportunities to revise the construction schedule on daily works. This ...

Keywords: Real operational hour and rate; LOESS; Hampel filter; Beta distribution; Ensemble forecasting

A Technology Platform for a Successful Implementation of Integrated Project Delivery for Medium Size Projects

Luke Psomas and Hani Alzraiee
Pages 449-456

Abstract: Traditional project delivery methods are inflexible for projects that require a high level of collaboration among project teams as well as present challenges to innovative design and construction approaches. In today's era, projects are executed at a faster pace at the early stages of scope definition. This causes a high ...

Keywords: Integrated Project Delivery; Building Information Modeling; Construction Information System; Construction

Simulation-based Reinforcement Learning Approach towards Construction Machine Automation

Keita Matsumoto, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Takahiro Oka, Masahiro Yasumoto, Satoru Hara, Michitaka Iida and Marek Teichmann
Pages 457-464

Abstract: Research towards automation of heavy construction machines for efficient and safe construction processes that are robust to various environments and disturbances has been conducted for many years. In this paper, we show two contributions towards this objective. Firstly, we explore the use of reinforcement learning to automate construction machines. Secondly, ...

Keywords: Reinforcement Learning; Imitation Learning; Automation; Autonomous; Simulation

Optimization of Trajectories for Cable Robots on Automated Construction Sites

Roland Boumann, Patrik Lemmen, Robin Heidel and Tobias Bruckmann
Pages 465-472

Abstract: In contrast to conventional serial robot arms, a cable robot offers special characteristics which make it predestined for usage in automated construction: Cable robots use a robust and simple mechanical layout, including a frame, motordriven winches, pulleys and cables connected to the end effector in a parallel kinematic structure. Derived ...

Keywords: Cable Robot; Optimization; Path Planning; Construction

A Robust Framework for Identifying Automated Construction Operations

Aparna Harichandran, Benny Raphael and Abhijit Mukherjee
Pages 473-480

Abstract: Machine learning techniques have been successfully implemented for the identification of various construction activities using sensor data. However, there are very few studies on activity recognition in the automated construction of low-rise residential buildings. Automated construction is faster than conventional construction, with minimal human involvement. This requires high accuracy of ...

Keywords: Automated Construction; Construction Monitoring; Machine Learning; Accelerometer

Analysis of Excavation Methods for a Small-scale Mining Robot

Michael Berner and Nikolaus August Sifferlinger
Pages 481-490

Abstract: The following paper is discussing the potential excavation systems and development of the production tool system of a small-scale mining robot. The limitations of power and weight increase the complexity of the design of the production tools immensely. Each excavation method's efficiency is depending on the material to be excavated, ...

Keywords: Excavation; Production Tools; Robotics; Small-scale Mining

Robotic Insertion of Timber Joints using Visual Detection of Fiducial Markers

Nicolas Rogeau, Victor Tiberghien, Pierre Latteur and Yves Weinand
Pages 491-498

Abstract: Timber building industry is facing a major transformation with digitalization and automation being more broadly adopted. Prefabricated timber frame structures can be mass-produced on large robotic assembly lines, increasing the productivity and competitiveness of wood over standard inorganic materials such as steel or concrete. While standardization is likely to limit ...

Keywords: Robotic assembly; Timber joints; Fiducial markers; Insertion

Constraint Control of a Boom Crane System

Michele Ambrosino, Arnaud Dawans and Emanuele Garone
Pages 499-506

Abstract: Boom cranes are among the most used cranes to lift heavy loads. Although fairly simple mechanically, from the control viewpoint this kind of crane is a nonlinear underactuated system which presents several challenges, especially when controlled in the presence of constraints. To solve this problem, we propose an approach based ...

Keywords: Boom crane; Constrain control; Obstacle avoidance; Explicit reference governor; underactuated system

Optimal Travel Routes of On-road Vehicles Considering Sustainability

Nassim Mehrvarz, Zhilin Ye, Khalegh Barati and Xuesong Shen
Pages 507-513

Abstract: Transportation is one of the major contributors in global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Currently, there are approximately 1.32 billion on-road vehicles around the world, which is expected to be doubled by 2040. This increase has triggered deep concerns over the global issues of climate change and sustainable development. ...

Keywords: Sustainability; Route Selection; Vehicle; Fuel Consumption; GPS-INS

Modeling and Control of 5-DoF Boom Crane

Michele Ambrosino, Marc Berneman, Gianluca Carbone, Rémi Crépin, Arnaud Dawans and Emanuele Garone
Pages 514-521

Abstract: Automation of cranes can have a direct impact on the productivity of construction projects. In this paper, we focus on the control of one of the most used cranes, the boom crane. Tower cranes and overhead cranes have been widely studied in the literature, whereas the control of boom cranes ...

Keywords: Boom cranes; Robotics; Motion control; Underactuated systems; Nonlinear control

Automating Crane Lift Path through Integration of BIM and Path Finding Algorithm

Songbo Hu and Yihai Fang
Pages 522-529

Abstract: Path planning, as a primary mission in crane lift planning, has a profound and direct impact on the safe and efficient execution of lift jobs on construction sites. Typically, the main objective of path planning is to find the shortest (or a relatively short) and collision-free path from the load ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling (BIM); Path planning Algorithm; Tower Cranes; Practicality; Construction Safety; Lift Planning

A study on an Autonomous Crawler Carrier System with AI based Transportation Control

Hironobu Hatamoto, Kazuya Fujimoto, Tsubasa Asuma, Yoshito Takeshita, Tetsuo Amagai, Atsushi Furukawa and Shigeo Kitahara
Pages 530-537

Abstract: This paper proposes an autonomous crawler carrier system to improve productivity of earth and sand transportation work. In general, multiple crawler carriers on the transportation work repeatedly move on almost the same route between loading and unloading locations. There is a risk that the crawler carrier deviates from the transport ...

Keywords: Autonomous crawler carrier system; Artificial intelligence; Productivity improvement

Accuracy and Generality of Trained Models for Lift Planning Using Deep Reinforcement Learning - Optimization of the Crane Hook Movement Between Two Points -

Aoi Tarutani and Kosei Ishida
Pages 538-546

Abstract: An optimization system of a lifting plan must have generality to manage different design conditions and real-time changes at a construction site. Furthermore, it must optimize the construction planning and scheduling. In a previous study, we trained a two-point locomotion model for crane hook movement using deep reinforcement learning to ...

Keywords: Deep Reinforcement Learning; Crane Lifting Plan; Optimization; Generality; Virtual Space; Trained Model

Reaching Difficulty Model of Swinging Operations of a Hydraulic Excavator Considering the First-Order Delay

Kazuyuki Matsumura, Masaru Ito, Chiaki Raima, Seiji Saiki, Yoichiro Yamazaki and Yuichi Kurita
Pages 547-551

Abstract: Hydraulic excavators are used for various purposes, such as excavation, dismantling, and leveling. The accurate positioning of the excavator is particularly important in loading operations, such as positioning a bucket immediately above a target. The positioning of a bucket via the swinging operation can also be regarded as a kind ...

Keywords: Hydraulic Excavator; Pointing; User Interface

Mechatronic Control System for Leveling of Bulldozer Blade

Alexey Bulgakov, Thomas Bock and Georgii Tokmakov
Pages 552-557

Abstract: Recently, it began the spread of bulldozers using information technology during controlling the machine to increase the efficiency of the entire execution of work, including avoiding the usually necessary final surface treatment. Blade control mechatronic system for leveling work of bulldozer blade enables the bulldozer to effectively perform a ground ...

Keywords: Mechatronic system; Bulldozer blade; Leveling control; Design surface

Multiple Tower Crane Selection methodology utilizing Genetic Algorithm

Preet Lodaya, Abhishek Raj Singh and Venkata Santosh Kumar Delhi
Pages 558-565

Abstract: Equipment selection for a construction project is a complex decision making task that impacts the project cost significantly. The literature highlights the increasing focus of recent studies on tower crane (TC) optimization, largely due to the shift from horizontal to vertical construction. Many studies tend to select a single TC ...

Keywords: Genetic Algorithm; Tower Crane selection; Bi-level optimization; Multimodal optimization

Fuzzy Controller Algorithm for Automated HVAC Control

Myungjin Chae, Kyubyung Kang, Dan D. Koo, Sukjoon Oh and Jae Youl Chun
Pages 566-570

Abstract: This research presents the design framework of the artificial intelligent algorithm for an automated building management system. The AI system uses wireless sensor data or IoT (Internet of Things) and user's feedback together. The wireless sensors collect data such as temperature (indoor and outdoor), humidity, light, user occupancy of the ...

Keywords: IOT; AI; Neural Network; Fuzzy Controller; Smart Building

A Probabilistic Motion Control Approach for Teleoperated Construction Machinery

Hyung Joo Lee and Sigrid Brell-Cokcan
Pages 571-577

Abstract: Automation of construction machinery has the potential to improve efficiency and safety during the construction process. However, most construction machinery is directly teleoperated limiting the control to a single paradigm. Moreover, the abundance of non-linearities due to the design of pumps, valves and the interaction of different actuators complicates planning ...

Keywords: On-site robotics; construction robotics; robot motion programming; automation in construction

Excavation Path Generation for Autonomous Excavator Considering Bulking Factor of Soil

Shinya Katsuma, Ryosuke Yajima, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Pang-Jo Chun, Keiji Nagatani, Genki Yamauchi, Takeshi Hashimoto, Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Pages 578-583

Abstract: This paper proposes an excavation path generationmethod for autonomous excavators by considering the bulking factor of soil. In existing research on autonomous excavation, the excavator's path was manually planned, based on known soil properties. Thus, the efficiency of the excavation process may reduce in situations where the soil ...

Keywords: Excavation; Path Planning; Bulking Factor of Soil

Development of an Algorithm for Crane Sway Suppression

Yasuhiro Yamamoto, Chunnan Wu, Hisashi Osumi, Masayuki Yano and Yusuke Hara
Pages 584-588

Abstract: In this research, a sway suppression algorithm was developed for a crane operator support system. To evaluate the effect of sway suppression, a crane experiment testbed was manufactured. The crane testbed is designed by the crane dynamic model, and the swing motion, boom motion and load hoisting are driven by ...

Keywords: Crane; Sway Suppression; Phase Plane; Model

Analysis of Energy Efficiency of a Backhoe during Digging Operation

Yusuke Sano, Chunnan Wu, Hisashi Osumi, Yuki Kawashima and Tomoaki Tsuda
Pages 589-594

Abstract: The energy consumption of a backhoe during digging operation is the sum of the energy due to earth pressure and backhoe motion. The authors' previous studies have revealed the earth pressure model on the arc trajectory, but not on the horizontal trajectory, which is often used in normal digging operation. ...

Keywords: Backhoe; Digging force; Coulomb's earth pressure

Action Recognition of Construction Machinery from Simulated Training Data Using Video Filters

Jinhyeok Sim, Jun Younes Louhi Kasahara, Shota Chikushi, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Keiji Nagatani, Takumi Chiba, Shingo Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Chayama, Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Pages 595-599

Abstract: In the construction industry, continuous monitoring of actions performed by construction machinery is a critical task in order to achieve improved productivity and efficiency. However, measuring and recording each individual construction machinery's actions is both time consuming and expensive if conducted manually by humans. Therefore, automatic action recognition of construction ...

Keywords: Action recognition; Deep learning; Video filter

Real-time Aarly Warning of Clogging Risk in Slurry Shield Tunneling: A Self-updating Machine Learning Approach

Qiang Wang, Xiongyao Xie and Yu Huang
Pages 600-607

Abstract: Clogging is one of the main risks when slurry shield tunneling in the mixed ground condition containing clayey soils. Severe consequences, such as instability in the excavation face and high cutter wear, may occur if the shield machine operators don't take specific measures to eliminate clogging. Therefore, early warning of ...

Keywords: Shield tunneling; Clogging; Early warning; Random forest; Self-updating

Efficient Numerical Methods for Accurate Modeling of Soil Cutting Operations

Amin Haeri, Dominique Tremblay, Krzysztof Skonieczny, Daniel Holz and Marek Teichmann
Pages 608-615

Abstract: This research investigates the development and validation of state-of-the-art high-fidelity models of soil cutting operations. The accurate and efficient modeling of complex toolsoil interactions is an open problem in the literature. Modeling options that provide more flexibility in trading off accuracy and computational efficiency than current state-of-theart continuum or discrete ...

Keywords: Granular Flow; Physics-Based Simulation; Physically-Based Modeling; Terramechanics; Soil Mechanics; Computer Graphics; Experiment

IoT-enabled Dependable Co-located Low-cost Sensing for Construction Site Monitoring

Huynh A. D. Nguyen, Lanh V. Nguyen and Quang P. Ha
Pages 616-624

Abstract: This paper proposes an IoT-enabled network of low-cost sensors that are co-located for construction site monitoring. The network performance enhancement is achieved via its system dependability in terms of improved availability, integrity, reliability, maintainability, security and safety in real-time monitoring of environment parameters. The sensor motes of various sensing modules ...

Keywords: Site monitoring; Volatile environment; Wireless sensor motes; Dependability; Reliability

Threat Modeling in Construction: An Example of a 3D Concrete Printing System

Maahir Ur Rahman Mohamed Shibly and Borja Garcia de Soto
Pages 625-632

Abstract: Cybersecurity threats related to new technologies get little attention until an incident occurs, and vulnerabilities are highlighted. In the case of construction projects, any cyber breach, either malicious or incidental, has the potential to cause significant damage. This varies from unauthorized access of sensitive project information to hijacking construction equipment ...

Keywords: 3D Concrete Printing; Construction 4.0; Cyber-Physical Systems; Cybersecurity; Cyberattack; CVSS; Risk Propagation; Smart Construction Sites; STRIDE; Threat model; Vulnerability Assessment

Measuring Adhesion Strength of Wall Tile to Concrete by Non-Contact Inspection Using Electromagnetic Waves

Hussain Alsalem, Takayuki Tanaka, Takumi Honda, Satoru Doi and Shigeru Uchida
Pages 633-638

Abstract: The separation of exterior tiles from buildings diminishes the visual appeal of cities and can injure pedestrians when they are struck by falling tiles. Therefore, tiles should be inspected periodically. However, completion of the inspection process has hurdles, including high cost and the need for qualified human inspectors. This study ...

Keywords: Non-contact inspection; Electromagnetic wave; Adhesion strength; Multi-layered scanning

Construction Method of Super Flat Concrete Slab using High Precision Height Measurement

Yutaro Fukase, Ryosuke Saito, Yoshiaki Takemoto and Yoshiki Muramatsu
Pages 639-645

Abstract: The new Hachinohe indoor skating rink required an extremely flat concrete slab. ±2mm precision concrete surface was expected across 6,350 m2 concrete slab. It is impossible to construct such a large super flat slab with a conventional construction method to maintain the height of the concrete surface at intervals of ...

Keywords: Flatness of Concrete; 3D Laser Scanner; Projection Mapping; Truss Screed

Method for Estimating Subgrade Reaction Modulus by Measuring Wheel-terrain Interactions

Yasushi Wada and Taizo Kobayashi
Pages 646-649

Abstract: For several years, the compaction quality of embankments has been controlled by the dry bulk density and water content. However, the quality assessment is time consuming and merely a point measurement. We are developing a method that measures the mechanical properties of soil by observing the soil - wheel interaction ...

Keywords: Soil compaction; Quality control; Subgrade reaction modulus

Report on the Measurement of the Form of SHOTCRETE GRID BEAM-FREE FRAME Using Point Cloud Data

Kojima Takayuki and Yori Nomoto
Pages 650-652

Abstract: We conducted a measurement accuracy and laborsaving in the spraying slope frame work by appli-cation of ICT earth works using UAV was verified by using field of actual work? In the UAV survey? it was possible to apply the Ministry of Land? Infrastructure? Transport and Tour-ism (MLIT) standards to the ...

Keywords: i-Construction; UAV; Spraying Slope Frame Construction Method; Form measurement

Single Camera Worker Detection, Tracking and Action Recognition in Construction Site

Hiroaki Ishioka, Xinshuo Weng, Yunze Man and Kris Kitani
Pages 653-660

Abstract: In Japan, the construction industry strongly be needed productivity improvement and increasing the number of new hires due to improvement of working environment. Site manager needs to grasp whether the daily progress is as planned and updates the schedule appropriately for improve site's productivity and safety. In image-based data acquisition ...

Keywords: Construction Process; Worker Detection and Tracking; Action Recognition

MR-based Equipment Remote Control and 3D Digital Working Guidance for Field-oriented Maintenance

Jinwoo Song, Kyuhyup Lee, Minkyeong Jeong, Seojoon Lee and Soonwook Kwon
Pages 661-668

Abstract: Recently, as technologies combine, AR (Augmen ted Reality)/VR(Virtual Reality)/MR(Mixed Reality) and advanced sensing equipment are being developed. The possibilities of their application to construction fields is likewise increasing. Research into applying these techniques to facility maintenance, manager training, and safety/evacuation training is being actively conducted. In the case of the ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Mixed Reality; BIM; Working Guidance

Use of Laser scanning, Remote Sensors & Traffic Data Collection, Drones & Mobile Application. MoEI Federal Highways network case study.

Khamis Al Sheyahri, Habiba Noor Aflatoon and Daniel Llort Mac Donald
Pages 669-676

Abstract: Application of technologies as laser scanning, remote sensors, drones or mobile applications are playing a major role in changing the management procedures of maintenance and operation activities in the roads. Without scarifying the quality of the data, tasks can be performed in less time while maintaining the same level of ...

Keywords: Laser scanning; remote sensors and traffic data collection sensors; UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles or drones) inspection; mobile application; assets management

Safety Monitoring of Construction Equipment based on Multi-sensor Technology

Ziqing Yang, Jian Yang and Enliu Yuan
Pages 677-684

Abstract: The growth in the size and the level of complexity of construction equipment imposes tremendous hazards in construction sites. Any breakdown or failure of such systems may not only cause the delay in construction but also lead to the loss of life and properties. To address these issues, this paper ...

Keywords: Construction equipment; High-rise buildings; Intelligent safety monitoring system; Multi-sensor technology

Autonomous UAV flight using the Total Station Navigation System in Non-GNSS Environments

Akira Ishii, Takato Yasuno, Masazumi Amakata, Hiroaki Sugawara, Junichiro Fujii and Kohei Ozasa
Pages 685-692

Abstract: In this study, we propose autonomous UAV flight using the total station to estimate self-localization at a dam in a non-global navigation satellite system (GNSS) environment and suggest a flight path planning method for the UAV's flight position. As a result of the UAV's stable autonomous flight, a certain distance ...

Keywords: Autonomous UAV flight; Non-GNSS; Total station navigation system; Flight path planning; Dam

Depth-Camera-Based In-line Evaluation of Surface Geometry and Material Classification For Robotic Spraying

Valens Frangez, David Salido-Monzú and Andreas Wieser
Pages 693-702

Abstract: This paper presents a feasibility study of surface geometry (SG) evaluation and material classification (MC) for robotic spraying. We propose two complementary approaches using point clouds and intensity data provided by a state-of-the-art industrial time-of-flight (ToF) depth camera. The SG evaluation is based on geometric feature computation within local neighbourhoods, ...

Keywords: Surface Geometry; Material Classification; Digital Fabrication; Depth Camera; Machine Learning

Combining Reality Capture and Augmented Reality to Visualise Subsurface Utilities in the Field

Lasse Hedegaard Hansen, Simon Swanström Wyke and Erik Kjems
Pages 703-710

Abstract: In this paper, Reality Capture technologies are used to reconstruct 3D models of utility excavation holes which can later be visualised in the field, allowing for a more reliable, comprehensive and perceptible documentation and viewing of utilities before excavating to potentially reduce subsurface utility damages. An Augmented Reality (AR) prototype ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Reality Capture; Point Clouds; Underground Infrastructure; Subsurface utilities; Damage Prevention; Utility strike

Condition Prediction of Highway Assets Based on Spatial Proximity and Interrelations of Asset Classes: A Case Study

Arash Karimzadeh, Sepehr Sabeti, Hamed Tabkhib and Omidreza Shoghli
Pages 711-718

Abstract: Deterioration models significantly contribute to increasing the efficiency of life-cycle planning for highway assets. Therefore, asset managers strive to maximize the accuracy of such models and intensify the efficacy of the life-cycle plan. Even though nearby assets have been thought to have an impact on each other's conditions, usually, such ...

Keywords: Highway Asset Management; Condition Prediction; Logistic Regression; Nearby Assets

A Simulation Approach to Optimize Concrete Delivery using UAV Photogrammetry and Traffic Data

Robert Sprotte and Hani Alzraiee
Pages 719-726

Abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are an emerging technology that serve a range of applications for construction purposes including the creation of site survey maps, jobsite monitoring for routine progress reports, and structural inspections. Though while promising, drones have not yet been widely utilized by the construction industry to their fullest ...

Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles; UAVs; optimization; ready mix concrete; construction planning; delivery

Quality Control for Concrete Steel Embed Plates using LiDAR and Point Cloud Mapping

Hani Alzraiee, Robert Sprotte and Andrea Leal Ruiz
Pages 727-734

Abstract: Steel embed plates are a vital component in connecting steel to concrete members. They are most often used in the construction of tilt-wall concrete buildings, but can be used anytime there is a need to attach steel to a concrete panel or slab. Proper anchorage and connection to concrete should ...

Keywords: Concrete Embeds; Building Information Modeling; Quality; 3D Point Cloud; LIDAR

Exploring Gerontechnology for Aging-Related Diseases in Design Education: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

Rongbo Hu, Thomas Linner, Marc Schmaitzl, Jörg Güttler, Yuan Lu and Thomas Bock
Pages 735-742

Abstract: Aging society is not only a crisis in the developed world but also a severe challenge in some emerging economies. However, the awareness of population aging and gerontechnology is far from sufficiently addressed in the architectural design education in universities. Therefore, an interdisciplinary approach in design education is urgently needed ...

Keywords: Aging-related diseases; Bauhaus 2.0; COVID-19; Dementia; Design education; Gerontechnology; Interdisciplinary

Changing Paradigm: a Pedagogical Method of Robotic Tectonics into Architectural Curriculum

Xinyu Shi, Xue Fang, Zhoufan Chen, Tyson Keen Phillips and Hiroatsu Fukuda
Pages 743-749

Abstract: With the rapid spreading of digital technology and automated construction applications in architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) society, the current trend is becoming clearer, that automation will change the way we design and build. Robotic Tectonics, as a part of automatic construction methods aiming to achieve the integration workflow from ...

Keywords: Robotic Tectonics; Architectural Education; Pedagogical Method; Digital Workflow; Architectural Curriculum

Augmented Reality Sandboxes for Civil and Construction Engineering Education

Joseph Louis and Jennifer Lather
Pages 750-756

Abstract: Civil and Construction Engineering (CCE) is a discipline that seeks to engineer the physical world, yet students in classrooms are limited to studying and applying concepts predominantly on paper or computer screens. This paper proposes a framework for the use of augmented reality (AR) sandboxes to bring the vastness ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Sandbox; Heavy Civil; Construction Education; Mass Haul Diagram

Education of Open Infra BIM based Automation and Robotics

Kolli Tanja and Heikkilä Rauno
Pages 757-764

Abstract: This paper presents the learning outcomes of the Open InfraBIM and Construction Automation workshop in OuluZone motorsport Center, Finland, during October 2019. Totally of 45 students from the University of Oulu, the Oulu University of Applied Sciences, and the Oulu Vocational College were challenged to build the Speedway track by ...

Keywords: Automation; Education; Infra Built Environmental Information Model (infraBIM); Robotics

Automated Data Acquisition for Indoor Localization and Tracking of Materials Onsite

Hassan Bardareh and Osama Moselhi
Pages 765-772

Abstract: Considerable body of literature exits on automated site data acquisition for tracking and progress reporting of construction operations. While GPS-based solutions have been widely investigated in many studies for outdoor tracking of these operations, indoor tracking proved to be more challenging. This paper focuses on indoor material localization and investigates ...

Keywords: Automated progress tracking; RFID system; UWB system; Data fusion

Laser Scanning with Industrial Robot Arm for Raw-wood Fabrication

Petras Vestartas and Yves Weinand
Pages 773-780

Abstract: This paper presents an integrated raw-wood fabrication workflow using an industrial robot arm and a laser scanner. The research is situated in a Swiss mountain forestry context where timber in its natural form could be applied locally without relying on large centralized timber industries. While local saw-mills relies on ...

Keywords: Laser Scanning; Industrial Robot; Robotic Fabrication; Unprocessed Timber; Raw-wood; Round-wood

Workspace Modeling: Visualization and Pose Estimation of Teleoperated Construction Equipment from Point Clouds

Jing Dao Chen, Pileun Kim, Dong-Ik Sun, Chang-Soo Han, Yong Han Ahn, Jun Ueda and Yong Cho
Pages 781-788

Abstract: In order to teleoperate excavators remotely, human operators need accurate information of the robot workspace to carry out manipulation tasks accurately and efficiently. Current visualization methods only allow for limited depth perception and situational awareness for the human operator, leading to high cognitive load when operating the robot in confined ...

Keywords: pose estimation; laser scanning; excavator

A Critical Review of Machine Vision Applications in Construction

Saeed Ansari Rad and Mehrdad Arashpour
Pages 789-796

Abstract: Automation for retrieving relevant contents without human interventions has been considered as an essential task in the construction industry. Computer vision has grasped attention to be employed for providing rich data from the surrounding environment and automation of such critical tasks. Nonetheless, various challenges, including the detection of complicated and ...

Keywords: Automation; Computer Vision; Construction; Deep Learning

An Agent-based Approach for Modeling Human-robot Collaboration in Bricklaying

Ming-Hui Wu and Jia-Rui Lin
Pages 797-804

Abstract: Construction robots have drawn attention in research and practice for decades. Considering most of the construction robots are not fully automated and humans are always involved in the construction process, how humans and robots collaborate has a great impact on the total productivity. Unlike collaboration systems between human-human, human-device and ...

Keywords: Construction robots; human-robot collaboration; agent-based simulation; communication mode; human factor

A Vision for Evaluations of Responsive Environments in Future Medical Facilities

Daniel Lu, Semiha Ergan, Devin Mann and Katharine Lawrence
Pages 805-812

Abstract: Medical facilities in the United States (US) are facing growing demands due to shifts in patient demographics, healthcare policies, costs of care, and medical technologies. An emerging trend is the growing importance of outpatient and ambulatory care relative to inpatient care. Whereas the term "inpatient" involves a patient needing admission ...

Keywords: responsive environments; immersive virtual environments; healthcare; architectural robotics

Toolbox Spotter: A Computer Vision System for Real World Situational Awareness in Heavy Industries

Stuart Eiffert, Alex Wendel, Peter Colborne-Veel, Nicholas Leong, John Gardenier and Nathan Kirchner
Pages 813-820

Abstract: The majority of fatalities and traumatic injuries in heavy industries involve mobile plant and vehicles, often resulting from a lapse of attention or communication. Existing approaches to hazard identification include the use of human spotters, passive reversing cameras, non-differentiating proximity sensors and tag based systems. These approaches either suffer from ...

Keywords: Workplace Health and Safety; Hazard Detection; Computer Vision; Human Machine Interface (HMI)

Evaluating SLAM 2D and 3D Mappings of Indoor Structures

Yoshihiro Nitta, Derbew Yenet Bogale, Yorimasa Kuba and Zhang Tian
Pages 821-828

Abstract: This paper introduces a navigation algorithm of mobile indoor unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). The navigation methodology with AR markers is presented and demonstrated in detail. In the navigation algorithm, the mobile indoor UGV can make 2D or 3D map inside the structure. From the driving test, it has seen that ...

Keywords: SLAM; Visual SLAM; LiDAR; UGV; AR Marker

A Novel Audio-Based Machine Learning Model for Automated Detection of Collision Hazards at Construction Sites

Khang Dang and Tuyen Le
Pages 829-835

Abstract: Collisions between workers and operating vehicles are the leading source of fatal incidents in the construction industry. One of the most prevalent factors causing contact hazards is the decline in construction workers' auditory situational awareness due to the hearing loss and the complicated nature of construction noises. Thus, a computational ...

Keywords: Machine Learning; Sound Surveillance; Hazard Detection; Construction Safety

Training of YOLO Neural Network for the Detection of Fire Emergency Assets

Alessandra Corneli, Berardo Naticchia, Massimo Vaccarini , Frederic Bosché and Alessandro Carbonari
Pages 836-843

Abstract: Building assets surveys are cost and time demanding and the majority of current methods still rely on manual procedures. New technologies could be used to support this task. The exploitation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the automatic interpretation of data is spreading throughout various application fields. However, a challenge with ...

Keywords: YOLO; Neural Network; Asset inventory

Improvement of 3D Modeling Efficiency and Accuracy of Earthwork Site by Noise Processing Using Deep Learning and Structure from Motion

Nobuyoshi Yabuki, Yukako Sakamoto and Tomohiro Fukuda
Pages 844-848

Abstract: Nowadays, we can relatively easily create 3D models of earthwork construction sites by taking many pictures from multiple viewpoints using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and by applying Structure from Motion (SfM) technique to the pictures. However, since many construction machines are moving at the construction site, they become noise or ...

Keywords: Photogrammetry; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle; Structure from Motion; Deep Learning; Object Detection

Real-time Judgment of Workload using Heart Rate and Physical Activity

Nobuki Hashiguchi, Lim Yeongjoo, Cyo Sya, Shinichi Kuroishi, Yasuhiro Miyazaki, Shigeo Kitahara, Taizo Kobayashi, Kazuyoshi Tateyama and Kota Kodama
Pages 849-856

Abstract: Workers in a construction site may be exposed various hazards and risks and may work with excessive demands beyond their physical abilities. It is important for construction companies to sustain a workforce in the work environment that does not sacrifice worker safety and health and maintains the required productivity. The ...

Keywords: Workload estimation; Heart rate reserve; Wet bulb globe temperature; Construction hazards; Worker safety

An Integrated Sensor Network Method for Safety Management of Construction Workers

Tingsong Chen, Nobuyoshi Yabuki and Tomohiro Fukuda
Pages 857-863

Abstract: With the development of the construction industry, many problems such as human safety are remaining unsolved. The construction holds the worst safety record compared to other industrial sectors, approximately 88% of accidents are related to workers' safety. The high complexity of the construction site compare to the ordinary living environment ...

Keywords: sensor fusion; motion recognition; safety management; IMU; depth camera

Data-Driven Worker Detection from Load-View Crane Camera

Tanittha Sutjaritvorakul, Axel Vierling and Karsten Berns
Pages 864-871

Abstract: Cranes as an essential part of the construction machinery, are one of the prominent sources of fatalities in the construction sites. The camera assistant system can contribute significantly to the safety of the crane operation particularly in blind lifts tasks, where the operator highly relies on the load-view camera. In ...

Keywords: Construction safety; Crane simulation; Worker detection; Visibility assistance

Using Deep Learning for Assessment of Workers' Stress and Overload

Sahel Eskandar and Saiedeh Razavi
Pages 872-877

Abstract: Spotting indications of unsafe human behaviour, a leading cause of an accident, is critical in providing a safe workspace. Among factors affecting human behaviour, stress and overload are the most significant ones, where limited knowledge exists on their underlying causes. Tracing physiological signs caused by stress and overload might be ...

Keywords: Deep Learning; Pattern Recognition; Stress; Overload; Safety

Development of a Workers' Behavior Estimation System Using Sensing Data and Machine Learning

Rikuto Tanaka, Nobuyoshi Yabuki and Tomohiro Fukuda
Pages 878-885

Abstract: Accurate information on workers' behavior is important for safety and productivity management on construction sites. In recent years, some methods for estimating construction workers' behavior using sensing data have been proposed to collect the data based on scientific evidence. Due to the limitations of previously proposed methods that usually relied ...

Keywords: Construction worker; Sensing data analysis; Machine Learning; Behavior estimation

Incident Detection at Construction Sites via Heart-Rate and EMG Signal of Facial Muscle

Mizuki Sugimoto, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Ryosuke Yajima, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Kaoru Takakusaki, Keiji Nagatani, Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Pages 886-891

Abstract: Fatal accidents occur at construction sites. Incidents in- volving dangerous situations but not reaching the category of fatal accidents also take place. When an incident occurs, workers typically generate an on-site physiological reaction. In this paper, an automatic detection system is proposed to automatically identify incidents by measuring biological sig- ...

Keywords: Construction site; Safety; Biological signals; Incident detection

Scenario-Based Construction Safety Training Platform Using Virtual Reality

Ankit Gupta and Koshy Varghese
Pages 892-899

Abstract: Learning by doing creates a marked impact on a trainee's cognitive ability. Technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) etc. aid in developing platforms to enhance the learning experience of users. These technologies can be particularly effective in construction sites which are complex and contain hazards difficult to ...

Keywords: Virtual Reality (VR); Unity; Decision Making Scenario; Construction Safety Training

Generation of Orthomosaic Model for Construction Site using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Alexey Bulgakov, Daher Sayfeddine, Thomas Bock and Awny Fares
Pages 900-904

Abstract: Researches on the combined platform of unmanned vehicles, especially aerial, and artificial intelligence can be executed on hobbyists' level with a low budget along with inside multi-billion-dollars technological laboratories. This flexibility has allowed UAV to attract financial potentials and even to migrate them from another technological field. Nowadays, UAVs are ...

Keywords: Construction site; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle; Artificial intelligence; 3D model

Field Application of Tunnel Half Section Inspection System

Nobukazu Kamimura, Satoru Nakamura, Daisuke Inoue and Takao Ueno
Pages 905-910

Abstract: To inspect Road Tunnels every five-years is obliged in Japan, because for managing base the LCC (Life cycle cost). However, there are serious issues that not enough of engineer and budget to maintenance, so new technology for growing inspect efficiency is desired. To solve these issues, we developed Tunnel full ...

Keywords: Inspection, Tunnel, Field application

Challenges in Capturing and Processing UAV based Photographic Data From Construction Sites

Saurabh Gupta and Syam Nair
Pages 911-918

Abstract: Construction industry is going through a paradigm shift where remote data collection approaches are replacing manual processes that are presently being followed in construction related activities. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are being engaged in various construction applications, like real-time supervision, progress evaluation, surveys, mapping, safety evaluations etc. The paper discusses ...

Keywords: Image Recordings; Recording Challenges; Construction Site Monitoring; Photogrammetry; UAV data processing challenges

Research and Development on Inspection Technology for Safety Verification of Small-Scale Bridges using Three-Dimensional Model

Kazuhiko Seki, Koichi Iwasa, Satoshi Kubota, Yoshinori Tsukada, Yoshihiro Yasumuro and Ryuichi Imai
Pages 919-926

Abstract: In 2014, a regular inspection of public infrastructure facilities (bridges, etc.) once every five years be-came a legal system. Of the approximately 730,000 bridges nationwide, 530,000 are small-scale bridges with a bridge length of 2-15m. These bridges are often not easily accessible by inspection engineers. Therefore, in this study, for ...

Keywords: Bridge Inspection; Structure from Motion; 3D Damage Figure; AI Damage Detection

Development of Cloud Computing System for Concrete Structure Inspection by Deep Learning Based Infrared Thermography Method

Shogo Hayashi, Koichi Kawanishi, Isao Ujike and Pang-Jo Chun
Pages 927-934

Abstract: In recent years, deterioration of concrete structures such as floating and delamination has occurred. These damages can lead to the falling of concrete pieces. It may cause damage to third parties such as vehicles or pedestrians passing under the bridge. Therefore, the concrete damages need to be detected and ...

Keywords: Deep Learning; Infrared Thermography; Cloud Computing System

Stereo Vision based Hazardous Area Detection for Construction Worker's Safety

Doyeop Lee, Numan Khan and Chansik Park
Pages 935-940

Abstract: In order to ensure the safety of construction workers during the construction process, supervision of violations of safety regulations and control of hazardous situations not recognized by the workers are continuously required. However, due to the dynamic nature of the construction site, the hazardous situation is always changing and there ...

Keywords: Construction Safety; Depth Measurement; Distance Calculation; Risk Area; Stereo Camera

Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain-based Inspection Data Recording System for Portable Firefighting Equipment

Numan Khan, Doyeop Lee, Ahmed Khairadeen Ali and Chansik Park
Pages 941-947

Abstract: As permanent firefighting equipment that is usually available in a build building, do not exist in many construction job sites, so they merely depend upon the portable firefighting equipment (PFE) to keep the fire damage limited and minimum. To ensure the proper functionality of the PFE in the case of ...

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Blockchain; Inspection Data Records; Portable Firefighting Equipment

Development of Field View Monitor 2 -An assisting function for safety check around a hydraulic excavator using real-time image recognition with monocular cameras-

Yoshihisa Kiyota, Shunsuke Otsuki, Susumu Aizawa and Danting Li
Pages 948-953

Abstract: We have developed a function to process the images of three monocular cameras mounted on a hydraulic excavator in real time, and to notify the user of any human-like images on the monitor and by sound. This function is composed of the following four functions. (1) Detection of the human ...

Keywords: Excavator; Image recognition; Human detection; Electronic Control Unit

Development of ROV for visual inspection of Concrete Pier Superstructure

Toshinari Tanaka, Shuji Nogami, Ema Kato and Tsukasa Kita
Pages 954-961

Abstract: Visual inspections of underside of concrete superstructures of piled piers are usually carried out by inspectors on small boat or divers. it is not easy to ensure work safety in such a narrow space because of affection by waves and tides during inspection work. And, inservice facilities require to carry ...

Keywords: Visual inspection; Concrete pier superstructure; ROV; Work support functions

An automated Approach to Digitise Railway Bridges

Mustafa Al-Adhami, Sagal Rooble, Song Wu, Clara Osuna-Yevenes, Veronica Ruby-Lewis, Mark. Greatrix, Yreilyn Cartagena and Saeed Talebi
Pages 962-968

Abstract: In the UK, the railing sector has a large number of ageing masonry bridges that need to be examined every year. The traditional inspection regime consists of visual observation with manually recording the defect information observed on the structure. Previous studies have shown that this method of inspection is not ...

Keywords: Bridge automation; Inspection; Masonry bridge; Terrestrial scanning; Point clouds; Scan to BIM

Mirror-aided Approach for Surface Flatness Inspection using Laser Scanning

Fangxin Li and Min-Koo Kim
Pages 969-975

Abstract: Surface flatness is an essential indicator for quality assessment of concrete surfaces in the construction industry. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has been popularly applied for surface flatness inspection due to its speed and accuracy. However, scanning area far away from the TLS usually suffers from inaccurate surface flatness measurement and ...

Keywords: Surface flatness; quality inspection; terrestrial laser scanner (TLS); mirror-aided laser scanning

A Predictive Model for Scaffolding Man-hours in Heavy Industrial Construction Projects

Wenjing Chu, Sanghyeok Han, Zhen Lei, Ulrich Hermann and Di Hu
Pages 976-983

Abstract: In typical heavy industrial construction projects, scaffolding can account for 30% to 40% of the total direct manhours. However, most industrial contractors estimate scaffolding manpower based on a certain percentage of the direct work, which leads to cost increase and schedule delay due to inaccurate estimation. In order to aid ...

Keywords: Scaffolding Man-hours; Linear regression; Classification tree; Heavy Industrial Constructions

Ontological Base for Concrete Bridge Rehabilitation Projects

Chengke Wu, Rui Jiang, Jun Wang, Jizhuo Huang and Xiangyu Wang
Pages 984-991

Abstract: Concrete bridges are important infrastructures, which thus need effective rehabilitation to maintain good condition. Bridge rehabilitation projects often have tight schedules, multiple participants and constraints, and scattered project information. Thus, improving information integration in these projects can be critical. This research develops a concrete bridge rehabilitation project management ontology (CBRPMO) ...

Keywords: bridge rehabilitation; project management; semantic web; ontology

IoT Enabled Framework for Real-time Management of Power-Tools at Construction Projects

Ashish Kumar Saxena, Varun Kumar Reja and Koshy Varghese
Pages 992-999

Abstract: Real-time monitoring of the condition of equipment enhances effective decision-making in terms of machine maintenance and operational efficiency. This study presents a multi-layered system architecture to monitor the real-time health of a sensor-integrated hand-tool. The architecture is designed based on specific components, features, and requirements of each layer. The study ...

Keywords: Smart Maintenance; Internet of Things (IoT); Predictive Maintenance; Construction 4.0; Construction Tools Management

Web-Based Communication Platform for Decision Making in Early Design Phases

Zhiwei Meng, Ata Zahedi and Frank Petzold
Pages 1000-1007

Abstract: During the early phases of building design, the architects create many variants and make important decisions about different design aspects and details mostly based on their own experience and know-how. In order to reduce the risks brought by arbitrary decisions, a lot of effort was put into developing simulation tools. ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling; Early Design Phases; Adaptive Detailing Strategies; Computer Supported Collaborative Work

Decision Support System for Site Layout Planning

Abhishek Raj Singh, Ankan Karmakar and Venkata Santosh Kumar Delhi
Pages 1008-1013

Abstract: Construction Site Layout Planning (SLP) is one among the processes that consider decision-making as essential to achieving the desired project performance. In lack of decision support system (DSS), the project planners employ learnings from experience to make decisions that often lead to sub-optimal planning of site, resulting in congestion, safety ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Building Information Modelling; Collaborative Planning; Decision Making; Optimization; Layout Planning; Perspective Exchange; Visualization

Factors Affecting the Implementation of AI-based Hearing Protection Technology at Construction Workplace

Yongcan Huang and Tuyen Le
Pages 1014-1020

Abstract: Standard hearing protection devices (HPDs) that reduce noise by strictly passive means are mandatory at construction sites. However, standard HPDs have been proved weaken the audibility of safety-critical sounds thus worsen construction workers' auditory situational awareness (ASA). Therefore, a wearable hearing protection technology that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to amplify ...

Keywords: Construction Safety Monitoring; AI Application; Hearing Protection; Influence Factor

Project Work Breakdown Structure Similarity Estimation Using Semantic and Structural Similarity Measures

Navid Torkanfar and Ehsan Rezazadeh Azar
Pages 1021-1028

Abstract: Reusing of the past information and lessons learned helps practitioners in better management of various aspects of construction projects, such as cost estimation, planning, contracting, and design. Measuring the similarity of construction projects improves the efficiency of the existing information systems in retrieval of relevant cases. It was hypothesized that ...

Keywords: Project similarity; Construction project; Work breakdown structure; Natural language processing; Knowledge management

ABM and GIS Integration for Investigating the Influential Factors Affecting Wildfire Evacuation Performance

Qi Sun and Yelda Turkan
Pages 1029-1036

Abstract: Wildfires pose a big threat to human life and property safety. Previous studies on wildfire risk management focused mainly on understanding wildfire behaviour through computer simulations. Effective wildfire risk management also largely depends on the evacuation performance success. Computational tools tend to be the best approach for simulating wildfire evacuation ...

Keywords: Wildfire Evacuation Simulation; Agent-based Modeling; Geographical Information Systems

Streamlining Photogrammetry-based 3D Modeling of Construction Sites using a Smartphone, Cloud Service and Best-view Guidance

Ryota Moritani, Satoshi Kanai, Kei Akutsu, Kiyotaka Suda, Abdalrahman Elshafey, Nao Urushidate and Mitsuru Nishikawa
Pages 1037-1044

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) measurement that captures the state of construction sites is key to promoting ICT-supported construction processes. Structure-from-Motion (SfM) and Multi-View Stereo photogrammetry are the best solutions for small and mid-sized construction companies due to their high portability and low cost. However, efficient creation of high-quality 3D dense models using ...

Keywords: Photogrammetry; 3D Modeling; Next-best View; Cloud Service; Smartphone; i-Construction

Cyber Agent to Support Workers' Decision Making for Mechanized Earthwork

Shigeomi Nishigaki, Katsutoshi Saibara, Takashi Ootsuki and Hirokuni Morikawa
Pages 1045-1052

Abstract: We have been and are doing development and research on construction AI system based on Actor- Critic framework. This paper discusses cyber agents who are computerized agents of mobile entities, which are composed of construction machines, vehicles and workers. Each of the cyber agents would carry with simple function to ...

Keywords: Cyber agent; Humanware; Actor-Critic; Abductive reasoning; SRK model, Subsumption

Research on Standardization of Construction Site Time-series Change Information as Learning Data for Automatic Generation of Work Plan of Construction Machinery in Earthworks

Takashi Otsuki, Hirokuni Morikawa, Yushi Shiiba, Seigo Ogata and Masaharu Moteki
Pages 1053-1060

Abstract: For earthwork, whether or not it will be possible to automatically generate a work plan for construction machinery has become the key to realizing autonomous construction of earthworks. The use of AI is being sought by some researchers for the automatic generation of construction setups. Efforts are being made to utilize ...

Keywords: Work plan; Construction machinery; earthwork; Learning data; AI

Energy Performance and LCA-driven Computational Design Methodology for Integrating Modular Construction in Adaptation of Concrete Residential Towers in Cold Climates

Sheida Shahi, Patryk Wozniczka, Tristan Truyensb, Ian Trudeau and Carl Haas
Pages 1061-1068

Abstract: Adaptation of dated residential towers is an urgent issue due to aging housing infrastructure and growing demand for affordable housing. Computational design methodologies have the potential for facilitating optimized design strategies driven by improved energy performance and reduced life-cycle carbon emissions. Modular Construction (MC) can also increase efficiencies in the ...

Keywords: Computational Design; Modular Construction; Life Cycle Analysis; Building Adaptation

A View of Construction Science and Robot Technology Implementation

Hiroshi Yamamoto
Pages 1069-1073

Abstract: In this paper, with a view to contributing to the promotion of this field, I describe desirable future situations and ideas, matters that should be taken into consideration in future efforts, etc., focusing on the discussions that took place in 2005-2008. The trends are arranged in consideration. Here, with the ...

Keywords: Construction Science; Construction production engineering; Robot technology

Constructible Design for Off-site Prefabricated Structures in Industrial Environments: Review of Mixed Reality Applications

Ankit Shringi, Mehrdad Arashpour and Arnaud Prouzeau
Pages 1074-1081

Abstract: Studies have shown that early design finalization is important for projects utilizing Off-site Prefabrication and final assembly on site. Freezing engineering design at an early stage has various advantages such as streamlined manufacturing and timely transportation to site as well as timely deployment of adequate resources on site for assembly. ...

Keywords: Design Validation; Augmented Reality; Design Review; Assembly of Structures; Off-site Prefabrication; Constructability Review; Industrial Structures

Financial Modeling for Modular and Offsite Construction

Tarek Salama, Gareth Figgess, Mohamed Elsharawy and Hossam Elsokkary
Pages 1082-1089

Abstract: The advantages of using modular and offsite construction compared with the traditional construction methods are numerous due to its efficiency in delivering shorter schedules, lower cost, higher quality, and better safety. However, one of the biggest challenges facing the prefabrication industry today is the inherent difference between financing traditional construction ...

Keywords: Instructions; Financial Modeling; Modular; Offsite Construction; Literature Review

A Novel Methodological Framework of Smart Project Delivery of Modular Integrated Construction

Wei Pan, Mi Pan and Zhenjie Zheng
Pages 1090-1097

Abstract: Modular Integrated Construction (MiC) is an advanced type of modular construction focusing on addressing high-density high-rise buildings and is adopted as a new policy initiative in Hong Kong. Previous studies have examined the potential for using different methods and technologies to support project delivery in offsite and modular construction. However, ...

Keywords: Modular Construction; Modular Integrated Construction; Smart Technology; Project Delivery

Block Chain based Remicon Quality Management

Seungwon Cho, Doyeop Lee and Chansik Park
Pages 1098-1105

Abstract: Remicon, an important material constituting the structure of a building, needs an efficient quality management system throughout the entire process from production to delivery, including production management, shipment-transport management, and delivery management, to ensure the required performance by the contractor. Nowadays Remicon factories becoming smart factories and automated form for ...

Keywords: Block Chain; Remicon; Ready mixed concrete; Quality Management; Concrete

A Conceptual Model for Transformation of Bill of Materials from Offsite Manufacturing to Onsite Construction in Industrialized House-building

Raafat Hussamadin, Mikael Viklund Tallgren and Gustav Jansson
Pages 1106-1113

Abstract: Lending inspiration from the manufacturing industry, industrialized house-builders have adopted some of its characteristics such as high standardization of configurable products and manufacturing processes. Standardization of product and information flow within industrialized house-building has shown to beneficially increase offsite manufacturing efficiency. They have however not been able to transfer the ...

Keywords: Bill of Material; Industrialized House-building; Data Redundancy; Work Breakdown Structure; Location Breakdown Structure; Work Instructions; Information filtering; Offsite Manufacturing; Onsite Construction

Study on the Level Concept of Autonomous Construction in Mechanized Construction

Hirokuni Morikawa and Takashi Otsuki
Pages 1114-1121

Abstract: With a focus on mechanical earthworks, automation of limited operations is progressing with regard to driving operations such as hydraulic excavators, bulldozers, and compaction rollers. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is promoting public works that positively utilizes automated construction equipment and the like for the purpose of ...

Keywords: Autonomous; Construction; Level concept; Construction machine

Mask R-CNN Deep Learning-based Approach to Detect Construction Machinery on Jobsites

Hamed Raoofi and Ali Motamedi
Pages 1122-1127

Abstract: IIn the construction industry, there is often a need to identify and localize assets and activities on the jobsite to assess and improve the performance of their associated processes. Traditional methods for monitoring construction activities are costly and time-consuming. Excavators and dump trucks are among the most common assets used ...

Keywords: Computer Vision; Artificial Intelligence; Deep Learning; Mask R-CNN; Construction Monitoring; Progress Management

Implementation of Unsupervised Learning Method in Rule Learning from Construction Schedules

Boong Yeol Ryoo and Milad Ashtab
Pages 1128-1135

Abstract: The construction industry has insufficient utilization of standard work and workload. Generally, scheduling for construction projects follows the common sense of the industry. The sequencing of activity and its duration estimation is highly dependent on the experience of the experts who are assigning them to the project, and it is ...

Keywords: Unsupervised Learning; Construction Scheduling; Rule Learning; Machine Learning; Association rules; FP-Growth Algorithm

Evaluation of Spalling in Bridges Using Machine Vision Method

Eslam Mohammed Abdlekader, Osama Moselhi, Mohamed Marzouk and Tarek Zayed
Pages 1136-1143

Abstract: The growing number of bridges and their deteriorated conditions on one hand and the budget squeeze for their repair and rehabilitation on the other call for automated detection of defects and smart methods for condition rating of these bridges. This paper presents a newly-developed standalone computer application for automated detection ...

Keywords: Image; Reinforced Concrete Bridges; Spalling; Single-objective Optimization; Tsallis entropy; Daubechies discrete wavelet transform; artificial neural network

Improving Construction Project Schedules before Execution

John Fitzsimmons, Ying Hong and Ioannis Brilakis
Pages 1144-1151

Abstract: The construction industry has been forever blighted by delay and disruption. To address this problem, this study proposes the Fitzsimmons Method (FM method) to improve the scheduling performance of activities on the Critical Path before the project execution. The proposed FM method integrates Bayesian Networks to estimate the conditional probability ...

Keywords: Construction Schedule; Machine Learning; Project Delay; Critical Path Method

Automated On-Site Quality Inspection and Reporting Technology for Off-Site Construction(OSC)-based Precast Concrete Members

Seojoon Lee, Soonwook Kwon, Minkyeong Jeong, Syedmobeen Hasan and Alexander Kim
Pages 1152-1159

Abstract: Recently, Off-Site Construction (OSC) is being actively applied to improve productivity by efficient factory-based production method rather than on-site production. In OSC-based construction process, problem is the accurate quality inspection for the members produced in the factory is carried out but the quality inspection for the members shipped from the factory ...

Keywords: Off-Site Construction(OSC); Precast Concrete member; Artificial Intelligence; Automated Quality Inspection

The Impact of Integrating Augmented Reality into the Production Strategy Process

Hala Nassereddine, Dharmaraj Veeramani and Awad Hanna
Pages 1160-1167

Abstract: Although execution is generally the phase during which challenges faced by the construction industry become apparent, it only represents the tip of the iceberg. Execution depends on the effectiveness of construction planning and control ? an area identified by researchers as in need of improvement. Production Strategy is a fundamental ...

Keywords: Augmented Reality; Prototype; Production Strategy; Re-engineering

Automatic Detection of Air Bubbles with Deep Learning

Takuma Nakabayashi, Koji Wada and Yoshikazu Utsumi
Pages 1168-1175

Abstract: Recently, the demand for base-isolated structures has been increasing, especially in Japan. For reliable construction of seismic isolation devices, contractors must ensure that the area ratio of the air bubbles occupying the backside of the base plate does not cross the threshold, which is decided by the structural designer. However, ...

Keywords: Base-Isolated Structure; Concrete; Visual Inspection; Air Bubble; Bug Hole; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; Image Processing

Using a Virtual Reality-based Experiment Environment to Examine Risk Habituation in Construction Safety

Namgyun Kim and Changbum Ryan Ahn
Pages 1176-1182

Abstract: A majority of safety accidents in construction workplaces stem from workers' unsafe behaviors. Such unsafe behaviors are often caused by "risk habituation," the tendency to underestimate a risk after previous repeated exposure to similar hazardous situations. Understanding the risk habituation process in construction is critical for intervening and preventing the ...

Keywords: Construction safety; Risk habituation; Virtual reality; Unsafe behavior; Safety training

Towards a Computational Approach to Quantify Human Experience in Urban Design: A Data Collection Platform

Keundeok Park and Semiha Ergan
Pages 1183-1190

Abstract: Design features that form urban settings such as greenery, height of buildings, and variation in the building façade (materials, color, and proportion) are known to have effects on how people experience environments. As the urban population grows and shifts to urban settings for living (e.g., 82% of people live in ...

Keywords: Urban design; Restorative environments; Computer vision; Semantic Segmentation; Crowdsourcing; GIS; Google Street View

Investigation of Changes in Eye-Blink Rate by VR Experiment for Incident Detection at Construction Sites

Shunsuke Hamasaki, Mizuki Sugimoto, Ryosuke Yajima, Atsushi Yamashita, Keiji Nagatani and Hajime Asama
Pages 1191-1194

Abstract: Productivity and safety are in a trade-off relationship, and the improvement of the safety management system of construction sites is a pressing issue. Therefore, it is important to know and analyze information about incidents at real construction sites. However, it is difficult to gather information about these incidents from workers' ...

Keywords: Blink; Construction sites; Head-mounted display; VR

BIM-Aided Scanning Path Planning for Autonomous Surveillance UAVs with LiDAR

Changhao Song, Kai Wang and Jack C. P. Cheng
Pages 1195-1202

Abstract: An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), equipped with a Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) scanner, can collect high-accuracy point cloud data of facilities in cluttered indoor environment. Recent developments in aerial robotics have demonstrated navigation through designated waypoints, yet little has been investigated on the trajectory to complete a full scan ...

Keywords: UAV; LiDAR; BIM; Hardware-in-the-loop; Motion planning

Research on a Method to Consider Inspection and Processing for Atypical Wood Members Using 3D Laser Scanning

Shunsuke Someya, Yasushi Ikeda, Kensuke Hotta, Seigo Tanaka, Mizuki Hayashi, Mitsuhiro Jokaku and Taito Takahashi
Pages 1203-1210

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to use digital technology to streamline operations and improve construction when using non-uniform building materials with discrete and differing forms, such as those used in traditional wooden buildings. Taking irregular timber procurement as a model use case, we formulated a method of utilizing 3D ...

Keywords: Traditional building; Wood; BIM; 3D laser scanner; Point cloud

Generative Damage Learning for Concrete Aging Detection using Auto-flight Images

Takato Yasuno, Akira Ishii, Junichiro Fujii, Masazumi Amakata and Yuta Takahashi
Pages 1211-1218

Abstract: In order to monitor the state of large-scale infrastructures, image acquisition by autonomous flight drones is efficient for stable angle and high-quality images. Supervised learning requires a large dataset consisting of images and annotation labels. It takes a long time to accumulate images, including identifying the damaged regions of interest ...

Keywords: Auto-flight monitoring; Aging detection; Image-to-image translation; Concrete infrastructure

Evaluation of Drainage Gradient using Three-dimensional Measurement Data and Physics Engine

Kosei Ishida
Pages 1219-1226

Abstract: The shape of a building can be recorded through various technologies, such as three-dimensional (3D) laser scanners and photogrammetry. The 3D measurement technology facilitates the mensuration of unevenness of a reinforced concrete structure, horizontality of the floor, and drainage gradient. In particular, measuring devices with a tilt sensor (e.g., 3D ...

Keywords: 3D laser scanner; Point cloud; 3D surface; Drainage gradient; Physics engine

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Adoption of Drones in Construction Projects

V. Paul C. Charlesraj and Nijalingamurthy Rakshith
Pages 1227-1234

Abstract: Drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and services based on them have been used globally in various sectors including but not limited to construction, real estate, e-commerce, agriculture, utilities & energy, financial services, and media & entertainment. Use of such robots have a potential to reduce the cost & time ...

Keywords: Awareness; Drones; Indian construction; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Examination of Efficiency of Bridge Periodic Inspection Using 3D Data (Point Cloud Data and Images)

Tatsuru Ninomiya, Mami Enomoto, Mitsuharu Shimokawa, Tatsuya Hattori and Yasushi Nitta
Pages 1235-1239

Abstract: Many of Japan's bridges built during the period of high economic growth are deteriorating and require proper maintenance. However, due to the shortage of specialist in the field of civil engineering as well as the declining birthrate and aging population, the current bridge periodic inspection the proximity visual inspection and ...

Keywords: Bridge maintenance; Bridge periodic inspection; Inspection robot(UAV); Structure from Motion(SfM); 3D data(Point cloud data)

Experimental Result of Third-person View Generation using Deliberately Delayed Omni-directional Video

Akira Sakata, Yasushi Hada, Rei Hojo, Masahiro Munemoto, Yoshito Takeshita, Tsubasa Asuma and Shigeo Kitahara
Pages 1240-1246

Abstract: This study developed a system that generates video from a view following a robot, using composition CG of the present position of the robot using deliberately delayed video on the robot for displaying the current position and orientation of the robot. The proposed view generation method overcomes the disadvantage of ...

Keywords: Past image; Remote control; Bird's-eye view

Construction Operation Assessment and Correction Using Laser Scanning and Projection Feedback

Alexei Pevzner, Saed Hasan, Rafael Sacks and Amir Degani
Pages 1247-1254

Abstract: Lean construction (LC) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) support an integrated vision for short cycle plan-do-check-act cycles of planning and control in construction. However, operations control tasks, such as delivery of design information to the field, monitoring, progress evaluation and error detection are still largely manual and thus time-consuming, costly ...

Keywords: Building information modeling; construction technologies; Data acquisition; Sensing/recognition; Human Machine interaction

OpenBridgeGraph: Integrating Open Government Data for Bridge Management

Jia-Rui Lin
Pages 1255-1262

Abstract: Due to limited funds, road authorities around the world are facing challenges related to bridge management and the escalating maintenance requirements of large infrastructure assets. Nowadays, many government organizations have published a variety of data to enable transparency, foster applications, and to satisfy legal obligations. Open governments data like bridge ...

Keywords: Bridge management; Open government data; Bridge information modeling; Graph database; Data retrieval; Knowledge

Five-dimensional Simulation of Bridge Engineering Based on BIM and VR

Kun-Chi Wang, Sheng-Han Tung, Wei-Chih Chen and Zi-Chi Zhao
Pages 1263-1269

Abstract: Building information modeling (BIM) is a rapidly developing technology used in the construction industry. Many construction companies have implemented BIM into their construction processes for executing various construction management tasks, including four-dimensional (4D) progress simulation and cost control. However, 4D progress simulation has not been simultaneously integrated and compared with ...

Keywords: Building Information modeling; Virtual Reality; Five-dimensional Simulation Five-dimensional Simulation

Digital Twinning of Railway Overhead Line Equipment from Airborne LiDAR Data

M. R. Mahendrini Fernando Ariyachandra and Ioannis Brilakis
Pages 1270-1277

Abstract: The automated generation of geometry-only digital twins of Overhead Line Equipment (OLE) system in existing railways from point clouds is an unsolved problem. Currently, this process is highly reliant upon manual inputs, needing 10 times more labour hours than scanning the physical asset. The resulting modelling cost counteracts the expected ...

Keywords: Overhead Line Equipment (OLE); Geometric Digital Twin (gDT); Point Cloud Data (PCD)

A Shared Ontology for Logistics Information Management in the Construction Industry

Yuan Zheng, Müge Tetik, Seppo Törmä, Antti Peltokorpi and Olli Seppänen
Pages 1278-1285

Abstract: Logistics management plays an essential role in supporting the primary activities in manufacturing industries. Similarly, in the construction industry, logistics operations are a crucial part that directly influence the construction operations. Construction operations management requires various stakeholders to collaborate through effective communication and prompt information sharing. However, logistics management in ...

Keywords: Information; Construction logistic; Ontology; Construction operations

Visualization of the Progress Management of Earthwork Volume at Construction Jobsite

Hajime Honda, Akifumi Minami, Yoshihiko Takahashi, Seishi Tajima, Takashi Ohtsuki and Yushi Shiiba
Pages 1286-1290

Abstract: In recent years, the use of intelligent construction equipment with sensors attached to construction heavy equipment used in civil engineering earth work has become commonplace. Sensors provide a variety of information on construction equipment, and this information is used to control the cutting edge of construction equipment called machine control ...

Keywords: Intelligent Construction Equipment; Network system; As-built data; Construction Progress Management

Incentivizing High-Quality Data Sets in Construction Using Blockchain: A Feasibility Study in the Swiss Industry

Jens J. Hunhevicz, Tobias Schraner and Daniel M. Hall
Pages 1291-1298

Abstract: Data sets are often incomplete and low-quality at the end of a construction project. This creates rework or hinders opportunities to use data during future activities of the facility lifecycle (e.g. facility management, renovation, demolition). This research prototypes and evaluates a novel process to use blockchain and smart contracts in ...

Keywords: Blockchain; Incentives; Data Management; Construction Projects

A Holistic Framework for the Implementation of Big Data throughout a Construction Project Lifecycle

Makram Bou Hatoum, Melanie Piskernik and Hala Nassereddine
Pages 1299-1306

Abstract: As the world witnesses the fourth industrial revolution, construction remains a newcomer that lags in its adoption of technological innovations. The information-intensive nature of the construction industry, coupled with its multidisciplinary nature, has pushed construction to enter the era of Big Data and has provided fertile ground for research on ...

Keywords: Big Data; Adoption Framework; Construction Industry; Project Lifecycle; Benefits; Use-Cases

Automatic Analysis of Idling in Excavator's Operations Based on Excavator-Truck Relationships

Chen Chen, Zhenhua Zhu and Amin Hammad
Pages 1307-1313

Abstract: Excavators and trucks are important equipment for earthmoving work, which have major contributions to construction productivity. In order to control the work efficiency and productivity of earthmoving equipment, computer-vision (CV) methods have been proposed to monitor equipment operations from site surveillance videos. Existing methods can recognize equipment activities to estimate ...

Keywords: Excavator; Interactive operation; Idling reasons

Construction 4.0: A Roadmap to Shaping the Future of Construction

Mahmoud El Jazzar, Harald Urban, Christian Schranz, and Hala Nassereddine
Pages 1314-1321

Abstract: The construction industry is forecast to grow from its already impressive size to unprecedented new heights. This significant expansion, along with the increased complexity and sophistication of construction projects, has placed more pressure on construction companies to maintain their vitality and grow in the modern market. As the fourth wave ...

Keywords: Construction 4.0; Implementation; Roadmap; Integration; Interactions

Deep Learning-based Question Answering System for Proactive Disaster Management

Yohan Kim, Jiu Sohn, Seongdeok Bang and Hyoungkwan Kim
Pages 1322-1326

Abstract: As climate change increases the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, proactive disaster management is needed to reduce the damage caused by the natural disasters. Existing reports that record the scale, damage, and response of natural disasters can be used as references for proactive disaster management. However, it is labor-intensive ...

Keywords: Deep Learning; Disaster Management; Natural Language Processing; Question Answering System

Overall Utilization of Information and Communication Technologies in Excavation Work and Management at Yoneshiro-gawa River, A First-class River

Tatsuro Masu, Akihiro Ishii, Fumihiro Tamori, Hanako Hatakeyama, Yutaka Suzuki, Satoshi Shirato and Yurie Abe
Pages 1327-1330

Abstract: We obtained various effects about ?Efficiency, Quality, Safety, Improving the work environment and Human resource development' through overall utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (hereinafter referred to as ICTs) in the excavation work and management at Yoneshiro-gawa River, a first-class river. At the topographic surveying stage, we used the UAV and ...

Keywords: Overall utilization of ICTs; Underwater excavation; New system using excavation history data; New 3K[Kyuyo:salary, Kyuka:vacation, Kibo:hope]

Weakly Supervised Defect Detection using Acoustic Data based on Positive and Negative Constraints

Jun Younes Louhi Kasahara, Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Pages 1331-1336

Abstract: Concrete structures are heavily used in most modern societies and the population of structures in need of inspection is rapidly growing. On the other hand, the manpower for inspection is decreasing. This has brought into focus the need for automated inspection methods for concrete structures. The hammering test is a ...

Keywords: Defect detection; Infrastructure inspection; Weak supervision; Acoustic data; Clustering

Road Maintenance Management System Using 3D Data by Terrestrial Laser Scanner and UAV

Satoshi Kubota, Ryosuke Hata, Kotaro Nishi, Chiyuan Ho and Yoshihiro Yasumuro
Pages 1337-1343

Abstract: In road maintenance, it is necessary to construct an environment that manages 3D data and maintenance information for its effectivity and efficiency. Engineers should be able to use 3D data not only for virtually reviewing the design of a facility, but also for analyzing building operations and performance. Using 3D ...

Keywords: Three-dimensional Data; Point Cloud Data; Terrestrial Laser Scanning; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle; Road Maintenance; Information System

Traffic Regulation Technology by Movable Barriers

Toshiharu Tanikawa and Tohya Okishio
Pages 1344-1350

Abstract: Approximately a half century has passed since the construction of expressways in Japan, and expressways have become decrepit over the decades. In order to ensure safety and security of expressways for the next generation, expressway companies have been carrying out large-scale renewal works of bridges and tunnels (hereinafter collectively the ...

Keywords: expressway; traffic regulation technology; traffic regulation for construction works; lane regulation; lane management; movable barriers; Road Zipper System; safety and security; traffic congestion alleviation; traffic congestion prevention

Development and Verification of Inspection Method for Concrete Surface utilizing Digital Camera

Shungo Matsui, Yoshimasa Nakata, Hidenori Shitashimizu, Ryota Nakatsuji, Takeshi Ueda and Naoiki Maehara
Pages 1351-1355

Abstract: Currently, road managers are required to maintain and renew road assets that are rapidly aging and damaged. On the other hand, due to the everincreasing road assets, social problems such as cost reduction and shortage of engineers in maintenance and renewal are occurring. In particular, the "Road Bridge Periodic Inspection ...

Keywords: Digital camera; Non-destructive inspection; Inspection; Crack

MLIT's Initiatives for Promotion the Efficient Construction and Inspection by using new Technologies such as AI and Robots in Japan.

Kenichi Watanabe
Pages 1356-1360

Abstract: The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) is promoting the use of drones and other robots to improve the construction and management processes and improve the efficiency of infrastructure inspections, and is preparing an AI development environment that supports "human judgment." Specifically, MLIT is preparing "teaching data" which ...

Keywords: AI, Inspection; Teaching data; Drone; Bridge; Tunnel

Track Similarity-based Typhoon Search Engine for Disaster Preparedness

Chun-Mo Hsieh, Cheng-Yu Ho, Hung-Kai Kung, Hao-Yung Chan, Meng-Han Tsai and Yun-Cheng Tsai
Pages 1361-1366

Abstract: Plenty of variance lies in the development stage of a typhoon, including its location, direction, and surrounding meteorological conditions. Affected by such numerous contributing factors, it is not always easy for nowaday technology to make accurate typhoon forecasts. The experiences from the past typhoons may provide decision-makers with sufficient information ...

Keywords: typhoon track similarity; search engine; user interface design; disaster preparedness; decision support

Cracks Detection using Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Inspection Efficiency and Analyze the Critical Defects

Fawaz Habbal, Abdualla Alnuaimi, Mohammed Al Shamsi, Saleh Alshaibah and Thuraya Aldarmaki Thuraya.Aldarmaki
Pages 1367-1372

Abstract: Cracks are one of the significant criteria utilized for diagnosing the disintegration of solid structures. Normally, a structural designer with specific information would assess such structures by checking for breaks outwardly, outlining the aftereffects of the examination, and afterward getting ready to investigate information based on their discoveries. A review ...

Keywords: Cracks Detection; Inspection Enhancements; AI Detection; Cracks Deep Learning; Buildings Defects

Smart Tunnel Inspection and Assessment using Mobile Inspection Vehicle, Non-Contact Radar and AI

Toru Yasuda, Hideki Yamamoto, Mami Enomoto and Yasushi Nitta
Pages 1373-1379

Abstract: We have developed a mobile survey vehicle with a high-precision laser scanner measurements for deformation analysis, 20 video cameras for damage assessment on lining surface such as cracks and water leakage, and also a non-contact radar to detect lining thickness and cavity behind lining. In this paper, we report the ...

Keywords: Tunnel inspection; Mobile survey technology; Noncontact radar; Lining defects and cavity detection; 3D visualization; Artificial Intelligence

Applications of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Disaster Resilience: Present Status and Future Trends

Sadegh Khanmohammadi, Mehrdad Arashpour and Yu Bai
Pages 1380-1387

Abstract: Natural disasters such as bushfires, wildfires, hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods cause significant socioeconomic losses with associated damages to communities. From 2005 to 2014, the worldwide damage caused by disasters has been more than US$1.4 trillion, with 0.7 million deaths and 1.7 billion people affected. In order to reduce the negative ...

Keywords: BIM; Building information modeling; Bushfire; Disaster; Earthquake; Evacuation; Fire; Flood; Resilience; Review

Integrating BIM- and Cost-included Information Container with Blockchain for Construction Automated Payment using Billing Model and Smart Contracts

Xuling Ye, Katharina Sigalov and Markus König
Pages 1388-1395

Abstract: Payment issues are necessary in the construction industry, often manifested by high levels of arrears and long-term payment delays. An automated payment could be a solution to speed-up the payment process after successful completions. In this paper, a framework is proposed for the automated payment via Building Information Modeling (BIM), ...

Keywords: Billing Model; Building Information Modeling (BIM); Information Container; Blockchain; Smart Contracts

An Agent-based Framework for Evaluating Location-based Risk Score in Indoor Emergency Evacuation

Tianlun Cai, Jiamou Liu, Hong Zheng, Yupan Wang and Vicente Gonzalez
Pages 1396-1403

Abstract: The evaluation of indoor risks is a paramount issue in building design and construction. Conventional methods that rely on handcrafted rules or drills are insufficient for this task as they either fail to accurately depict the sophisticated spatial attributes and people's cognition abilities or are not suitable during the design ...

Keywords: Indoor risk evaluation; Reinforcement learning; Agentbased evacuation; Computational framework

A Framework for Camera Planning in Construction Site using 4D BIM and VPL

Si Tran, Ahmed Khairadeen Ali, Numan Khan, Doyeop Lee and Chansik Park
Pages 1404-1408

Abstract: With the recent rapid advancement of vision technologies, recognized research widely applies to resolve the construction industry's remaining problem as known quality, cost, time, and safety. However, there are few studies on how to place visual devices for effectively collecting images/videos on construction activities. This study proposes a framework for ...

Keywords: 4D BIM; Camera planning; Visual data; Visual Programming Language

Safe and Lean Location-based Construction Scheduling

Beidi Li, Carl Schultz, Jürgen Melzner, Olga Golovina, and Jochen Teizer
Pages 1409-1416

Abstract: Based on case studies within the construction industry, the application of location-based construction scheduling and utilizing software-based rule checking has delivered promising research results. We first explain a path on how the lessons from existing work practices can be used in digitalizing construction processes. This includes the objective of describing ...

Keywords: Building Information Modeling (BIM); construction safety and health; fall protection; lean construction scheduling; prevention through design and planning; resource allocation; rule checking

Don't Risk Your Real Estate Actions to Realize Efficient Project Risk Management using the BIM Method

Maike Eilers, Carla Pütz, Manfred Helmus and Anica Meins-Becker
Pages 1417-1423

Abstract: At the beginning of a construction project, cost, time and quality are defined, which must be adhered to throughout the entire construction process. Compared to other industries, risk management in the construction industry is often treated negligently. Risk management is rather an additional documentation task than an effective project management ...

Keywords: risk management; Building Information Modeling; roject risk management; risk management process; information delivery; Data linkage; Information controlling; Risk

Introduction of the New Safety Concept "Safety2.0" to Reduce the Risk of Machinery Accidents

Hidesato Kojima, Takaya Fujii, Yasushi Mihara and Hiroaki Ihara
Pages 1424-1430

Abstract: In order to dramatically improve the productivity and safety of tunnel construction, we are developing a new construction production system "Shimizu Smart Tunnel". Based on the concept of "Digital Twin", it utilizes data sensing technology and information communication technology to acquire all kinds of data from people, machines and environment ...

Keywords: Safety2.0; collaborative safety; risk reduction system; Safeguarding Supportive System

Applying ANN to the AI Utilization in Forecasting Planning Risks in Construction

Fawaz Habbal, Firas Habbal, Abdualla Alnuaimi, Anwar Alshimmari, Nawal Alhanaee and Ammar Safi
Pages 1431-1437

Abstract: A long-standing problem in the field of automated reasoning is designing systems that can describe a set of actions (or a plan) that can be expected to allow the system to reach the desired goal. Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques provide the means to generate plans and to reason with as ...

Keywords: Risks Planning; Construction Planning; Risks forecasting; Neural Network; Support Vector Machines

Development of A Mobile Robot pulling An Omni-directional Cart for A Construction Site

Yusuke Takahashi, Yoshiro Hada and Satoru Nakamura
Pages 1438-1443

Abstract: We have been researching a mobile robot that pull a cart with equipment to improve productivity at construction sites. In this field of research, a cart having front wheels as swivel wheels and rear wheels as rigid wheels have been used. How- ever, at the construction site, in many cases, ...

Keywords: AGV; Mobile robot; Omni-directional cart

Developing a Windshield Display for Mobile Cranes

Taufik Akbar Sitompul, Simon Roysson and José Rosa
Pages 1444-1451

Abstract: Modern heavy machinery, including mobile cranes, are increasingly equipped with information systems in the form of head-down displays that present supportive information. Due to the physical presence of head-down displays, they are usually placed far away from operators' line of sight, thus the information is unintentionally overlooked. This paper investigated ...

Keywords: Human-machine interface; Head-up display; Transparent display; Prototype; Mobile cranes; Heavy machinery

Development of Simple Attachment for Remote Control (DokaTouch)

Kazuki Sumi
Pages 1452-1457

Abstract: The development of the DokaRobo series for remotely controlling construction equipment began in 2007, and life-size humanoid robots (The DokaRobo No. 1 and 2) were developed. The DokaRobo series is installed in the driver's seat and can be easily installed by a single adult. After repeated tests and interviews with ...

Keywords: Unmanned Construction Machinery; Internet; LTE

Preliminary Development of a Powerful and Backdrivable Robot Gripper Using Magnetorheological Fluid

Sahil Shembekar, Mitsuhiro Kamezaki, Peizhi Zhang, Zhouyi He, Tsunoda Ryuichiro, Hiroyuki Sakamoto and Shigeki Sugano
Pages 1458-1463

Abstract: Currently, humans work in high-risk environ-ments such as earthwork sites with construction ma-chine. Such works are expected to be replaced by ro-bots, but autonomous technologies of current robots are not sophisticated enough to deploy to such tasks. Thus, it is reasonable to use robots that can assist hu-mans in cumbersome ...

Keywords: Robot gripper; Magnetorheological fluid (MRF); Electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA)

Development and Application of a Fire Resistive Covering Spraying Robot to Building Construction Site

Yuichi Ikeda, Hirofumi Segawa and Nobuyoshi Yabuki
Pages 1464-1471

Abstract: Although the amount of building construction in Japan is not expected to decrease in the next few years, there has been a decrease in the number of fire resistive covering workers over the years. In this study, to overcome the shortage of construction workers, we developed a spraying robot for ...

Keywords: Building Construction Robot; Fire Resistive Covering; Construction Automation; LiDAR

A Cable Driven Parallel Robot with a Modular End Effector for the Installation of Curtain Wall Modules

Kepa Iturralde, Malte Feucht, Rongbo Hu, Wen Pan, Marcel Schlandt, Thomas Linner, Thomas Bock, Jean-Baptiste Izard, Ibon Eskudero, Mariola Rodriguez, Jose Gorrotxategi, Julen Astudillo, Joao Cavalcanti, Marc Gouttefarde, Marc Fabritius, Christoph Martin, Tomas Henninge, Stein M. Nornes, Yngve Jacobsen, A. Pracucci, Jesús Cañada, José David Jimenez-Vicaria, Carlo Paulotto, Rubén Alonso and Lorenzo Elia
Pages 1472-1479

Abstract: The installation of curtain wall modules (CWMs) is a risky activity carried out in the heights and often under unfavorable weather conditions. CWMs are heavy prefabricated walls that are lifted normally with bindings and cranes. High stability is needed while positioning in order not to damage the fragile CWMs. Moreover, ...

Keywords: Automation; On-site; Robotics; Façade

Bi-Directional Communication Bridge for State Synchronization between Digital Twin Simulations and Physical Construction Robots

Ci-Jyun Liang, Wes McGee, Carol Menassa and Vineet Kamat
Pages 1480-1487

Abstract: Collaborative robot (co-robots) are being increasingly deployed on construction sites to assist human workers with physically demanding work tasks. However, due to inherent safety and trust-related concerns, human-robot collaborative work is subject to strict safety standards that require robot motion and forces to be sensitive to proximate human workers. Robot ...

Keywords: Digital Twin; Co-robots; Robot Operating System; Human-robot Collaboration

Parallel Kinematic Construction Robot for AEC Industry

Maike Klöckner, Mathias Haage, Klas Nilsson, Anders Robertsson and Ronny Andersson
Pages 1488-1495

Abstract: This article reports work-in-progress of a parallel kinematic robot development for construction with main focus on the concept phase. We assume the weight distribution of the proposed structure enables integration of robotic components into construction equipment while enabling tailoring of important characteristics such as accuracy, stiffness and workspace toward application ...

Keywords: Parallel kinematic manipulator; Construction robotics; Concrete build system

Design-to-Robotic-Production and -Assembly for Architectural Hybrid Structures

Henriette Bier, Arwin Hidding and Marco Galli
Pages 1496-1500

Abstract: The Design-to-Robotic-Production and -Assembly (D2RP&A) process developed at Delft University of Technology (DUT) has been scaled up to building size by prototyping of-site a 3.30 m high fragment of a larger spaceframe structure The fragment consists of wooden linear elements connected to a polymer node printed at 3D Robot Printing ...

Keywords: Architecture; computational design; optimization; robotic production; robotic assembly Robotic production, Robotic assembly

Design and Synthesis of the Localization System for the On-site Construction Robot

Wen Pan, Rui Li and Thomas Bock
Pages 1501-1507

Abstract: Building tasks that carry out on the building façade, such as painting, cleaning, and maintenance are often to be described as dangerous, dirty, and demanding. Recently, researchers and institutes are developing autonomous and semi-autonomous On-site Construction Robots (OCR) for those aforementioned applications. The most of façade working OCR is either ...

Keywords: Construction robotic; localization; Stabilization

Online Synchronization of Building Model for On-Site Mobile Robotic Construction

Selen Ercan Jenny, Hermann Blum, Abel Gawel, Roland Siegwart, Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler
Pages 1508-1514

Abstract: This research presents a novel method for a data flow that synchronizes building information with the robot map and updates building components to their "as-built" states, in order to facilitate an on-site mobile construction process. Our experiments showcase mobile mapping and localization of a robotic platform featuring segmentation, plane association ...

Keywords: On-Site Mobile Construction; Localization; Construction Robotics; Building Model; As-Built; Deviation Analysis; Robotic Construction Workflow with User Interaction

A Methodology to Monitor Construction Progress Using Autonomous Robots

Samuel A. Prieto, Borja Garcia de Soto and Antonio Adan
Pages 1515-1522

Abstract: In recent years, new technologies have improved the monitoring of construction progress by using the as-planned BIM of a building and comparing it with the current state of construction (i.e., the as-is model) to identifying differences and generating a progress report. However, in most cases, the different components required for ...

Keywords: Progress Monitoring; Autonomous Robot; IFC; Inspection; Scan to BIM

Digital Twin Technology Utilizing Robots and Deep Learning

Fuminori Yamasaki
Pages 1523-1527

Abstract: Recently 3D management solution utilizing BIM/CIM is expected for construction and inspection management. Especially for inspection utility, big data such as huge number of inspection pictures and sounds should be managed with location data of taking data and should be taken with high quality and resolution on 3D world. This ...

Keywords: BIM/CIM; Robot; Deep Lerning; 3D

Real-Time Process-Level Digital Twin for Collaborative Human-Robot Construction Work

Xi Wang, Ci-Jyun Liang, Carol Menassa and Vineet Kamat
Pages 1528-1535

Abstract: Widespread use of autonomous robots in on-site construction has been limited because it is impractical to preprogram robots to perform quasi-repetitive tasks due to the relatively loose work tolerances and deviations of as-built work from the project design. Robotization of field construction work must thus be conceived as a collaborative ...

Keywords: Improvisation; Digital twin; Virtual reality; Human-robot interaction

Research and Development of Construction Technology in Social Cooperation Program "Intelligent Construction System"

Shota Chikushi, Jun Younes Louhi Kasahara, Hiromitsu Fujii, Yusuke Tamura, Angela Faragasso, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Keiji Nagatani, Yonghoon Ji, Shinya Aoki, Takumi Chiba, Shingo Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Chayama, Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Pages 1536-1540

Abstract: This paper presents the developments achieved via the Social Cooperation Program "Intelligent Construction System," from three primary perspectives: environmental measurements, improvements in remote operability, and improvements in efficiency and automation of remote operation. For improvements in remote operation, environmental measurements of the disaster sites are critical. Therefore, a method to ...

Keywords: Intelligent construction system; Environmental measurement; Improving remote operability; Automation; Efficiency improvement

Automated Framework for the Optimisation of Spatial Layouts for Concrete Structures Reinforced with Robotic Filament Winding

Robin Oval, Eduardo Costa, Diana Thomas-Mcewen, Saverio Spadea, John Orr and Paul Shepherd
Pages 1541-1548

Abstract: Concrete is a major contributor to the environmental impact of the construction industry, due to its cement content but also its reinforcement. Reinforcement has a significant contribution because of construction rationalisation, resorting to regular mats or cages of steel bars, despite layoutoptimisation algorithms and additive-manufacturing technologies. This paper presents an ...

Keywords: Automated construction; Concrete structures; Reinforced concrete; Strut-and-tie models; Layout optimisation; Wound reinforcement; Digital fabrication; Additive manufacturing; Robotics; Robotic filament winding; 3D winding; Coreless winding, Trajectory planning.

Adopting Off-site Manufacturing, and Automation and Robotics Technologies in Energy-efficient Building

Wen Pan, Kepa Iturralde Lerchundi, Rongbo Hu, Thomas Linner and Thomas Bock
Pages 1549-1555

Abstract: Delivering energy-efficient buildings or settlements has become a popular topic amongst architects, engineers, and building engineering physicists. There are many methods for improving building energy performances, both for new build projects and for retrofitting existing buildings. However, the construction industry faces some profound challenges to satisfy the increasing demand for ...

Keywords: Prefabrication; Construction robotic; Energy-efficient building

Analysis on the Implementation Mechanism of an Inspection Robot for Glass Curtain Walls in High-rise Buildings

Shiyao Cai, Zhiliang Ma and Jianfeng Guo
Pages 1556-1561

Abstract: With a growing number of high-rise buildings, glass curtain walls are widely used. In the long-term service of such curtain walls, the safety problems arise, such as cracks and spontaneous breakages of glass. Therefore, they need regular inspections to prevent accidents. Current inspection work for glass curtain walls in high-rise ...

Keywords: Inspection robot; High-rise building; Glass curtain wall; Work mechanism

Application of Robots to the Construction of Complex Structures using Standardized Timbers

Yi Leng , Xingyu Shi and Fukuda Hiroatsu
Pages 1562-1567

Abstract: For thousands of years, the human construction process was mainly done by hand. In an era when automation technology is so mature, although some components of building components can be produced industrially, on-site construction and special component production still require a lot of manpower. But no matter how skilled the ...

Keywords: Robotic Fabrication; Parametric Design; Standardized Timber; Spatial Structure

A Preliminary Comparison Between Manual and Robotic Construction of Wooden Structure Architecture

Lu Wang, Hiroatsu Fukuda and Xinyu Shi
Pages 1568-1575

Abstract: The participation of robots in building construction is already a global trend. Compared with the actual construction with a large number of manual participation at this stage, the stability of the robot construction process will greatly affect construction efficiency and construction accuracy. As a future material carrier for building industrialization, ...

Keywords: Robot construction; KUKA robot; Wooden structure architecture

Towards 3D Perception and Closed-Loop Control for 3D Construction Printing

Xuchu Xu, Ruoyu Wang, Qiming Cao and Chen Feng
Pages 1576-1583

Abstract: With the expanding size of additive manufacturing products, research pioneers start to explore 3D printing in the construction field. For 3D construction printing, quality means safety, cost, and efficiency. However, it is challenging to ensure quality via defect detection and deviation correction during the construction printing process. Conventionally, defect and ...

Keywords: 3D Construction Printing; Point Cloud Comparison; Defect Detection; Close-loop Control

Robotics Autonomous Surveillance Algorithms for Assessing Construction Automation and Completion Progress

Firas Habbal, Abdualla AlNuaimi, Dhoha Alhmoudi, Mariam Alrayssi and Ahmed Alali
Pages 1584-1589

Abstract: Exact development progress estimation has been demonstrated to be basic to the accomplishment of a structure venture. The techniques for robotized development progress estimation proposed in past examinations have certain constraints in light of fragmented informational collections. The principle target of this research was to create a precise, basically completely ...

Keywords: Construction Robotics; Inspections Enhancements; AI Detection; Internal Mapping; Autonomous Inspection

Oscillation Reduction for Knuckle Cranes

Michele Ambrosino, Arnaud Dawans, Brent Thierens and Emanuele Garone
Pages 1590-1597

Abstract: Boom cranes are among the most common material handling systems due to their simple design. Some boom cranes also have an auxiliary jib connected to the boom with a flexible joint to enhance the maneuverability and increase the workspace of the crane. Such boom cranes are commonly called knuckle boom ...

Keywords: Knuckle cranes; Robotics; Oscillation reduction; Underactuated systems; Nonlinear control

Bridge Inspection with Aerial Robots and Computer Vision: A Japanese National Initiative

Jacob J. Lin, Amir Ibrahim, Shubham Sarwade, Mani Golparvar-Fard, Yasushi Nitta, Hirokuni Moirkawa and Yoshihiko Fukuchi
Pages 1598-1605

Abstract: Fast and accurate inspection of elevated structures is imperative for sustaining the increasing traffic flow on deteriorating bridges. Despsite their importance, today's inspection processes still require dedicated equipment, impact traffic flow, and expose inspection personnel to safety concerns. The advent of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and the ability to position ...

Keywords: Bridge Inspection; Deep Learning, Structure fromMotion, Aerial Robots, Computer Vision